GWA Europe Test Prt.2 Flashcards
What was the 1st civilization of EU
Greece
Where did the first civilization rise from
Crete Is.
What was the 1st civilization referred to before, why?
The Minoan Civilization; named after one of its mythological kings- King Minos
What is a Minotaur
Half-Bull Half-Human
What is the story of Theseus & the Minotaur
King Minos tried to trick Poseidon into taking an alternate sacrifice than his favorite bull. Poseidon cursed King Minos’s wife, Queen Pasiphae, to fall in love with the bull. Daedalus built a wooden cow for Pasiphae to mate with the bull and she gives birth to a Minotaur.
This Minotaur was put into a maze that would take care of enemies. Theseus, son of King Aegeus, wants to kill the Minotaur. Ariadne helps him by giving him a ball of string & dagger. He kills the Minotaur, but when coming back he forgot to change the sails, so his father thought his son died and he killed himself.
What is the Greek word for city. List some of the main cities in Greece
Polis; Athens, Sparta, Elis
What are the two pain parts of a city-state (polis)
- Acropolis (Hilltop fortress, highest point of the city
- Agora (Public place of debate, worship, and market place
What was the religion of ancient Greece
Polytheism
Where did the Ancient Greeks believe all Gods lived (which mountain)
Mt. Olympus
King of Greek Gods
Zeus
Goddess of Marriage
Hera
God of Sea
Poseidon
God of the Underworld
Hades
God of War
Ares
God of Music & Medicine
Apollo
Goddess of Wisdom
Athena
Greek Messenger God
Hermes
Goddess of Victory
Nike
Goddess of Love & Beauty
Aphrodite
Why are so many Greek religious statues missing ligaments
They were destroyed by Christians to stop them from worshiping these “Gods”
What event was started in 776 B.C.
Olympics
Who was Koroibos
The winner of the Stadion race, a foot race 600ft
What did the winners of the Olympics receive
Bronze tripod
What were some of the 1st Olympics games
Discus throw, Wrestling, Boxing, Pankration, Equestrian racing
What were the Heraean Games
Olympic games held only for females (racing)
When did the games officially come to an end? Why?
776 B.C. - 393 A.D: It became illegal because Christianity took over
Describe the life in Ancient Sparta
-Militaristic Society
- Peloponnese Peninsula
-2 king / militaristic culture
- All boys (7yrs) sent to military school
- Women Purpose: Produce Warrior baby
- Boys Purpose: Become Warriors
Describe life in Ancient Athens
-Cultural Society
- 1st to institute democracy
- 750 B.C.- Archons (people who represent the city) are elected
What is the 2nd major civilization of EU
Rome
What two islands does Italy occupy
Sicily & Sardinia (largest)
What is Italy’s main topography
Mediterranean
The land of Italy is rather infertile, but it is better farmland compared to, which country?
Greece
When did the Trojan War occur
13th century B.C.
Who is Aeneas
Trojan War Hero. Son of Aphrodite (Venus). Cousin of Hector
What city did Aeneas find
Latium (Latvinium). Later changed to Alba Longa
Who were the Legendary founders of Rome
[Romulus] & Remus (killed by his brother)
How many hills was Rome built on & along which river
7 hills; Tiber River
Where did Rome’s early culture derive from
Greeks (Including: Military, Art, and Architecture)
Who were the early Romans also influenced by
Etruscans (A civilization which dominated much of Italy prior Romans)
When was the Roman Republic established
509 B.C.
The Roman Senate was comprised of how many Patricians & what would they discuss
300; debated items such as finances and foreign affairs
From the Practicians, how many counsel were elected? What did they do? And how long was their term?
2; oversaw the government & army; had a 1 year term
How many tribunes were elected and what did they do
10; they were elected from the assembly and represent this class as Senate
Define Amphitheatre
Outdoor venue for entertainment
What were the different types of Amphitheaters
Plays, Gladiatorial fights, speeches
What is the most famous Amphitheater
Colosseum
What was the original name for the Colosseum
Flavian Amphitheatre
How many people can the Colosseum hold
50,000
What was the Circus Maximus
Chariot racing. Objective: Complete 7 laps. 250,000 people could sit & watch
What were the tribes called after Europe dived from the collapse of the Roman Empire (476 A.D.)? Examples?
Barbarian tribes; Visigoths, Huns, Franks, Angles
What powerful kingdoms did EU divide into between 1000 - 1500
France, Spain, England, H.R.E (Holy Roman Empire)
During the 19th century the Central European policy (imperialism) was on of leading causes of what?
World War 1 (1914 - 1918)
What was the result of WW1 & 2
New nations emerged
When did World War 2 occur
1939 - 1945
