GWA Middle East Test Prt. 4 Flashcards
What is the largest climate zone in the Middle East
Desert (90%)
Where does the majority of the population in the M.E. (Geographically)
Coastlines & River valleys
List three resources found throughout the M.E.
-Medals (Iron, Copper)
-Coal
-Natural Gases
-Phosphates
What is the most common language spoken throughout the M.E.
Arabic
What are other common languages in the M.E.
Farsi (Iran), Turkish, Hebrew (Israel)
What are 3 major religions that originated in the M.E.
-Christianity
-Judaism
-Islam
How many countries are in the M.E.
17
What is the current approximate pop. of the M.E.
450 million
What country has the highest pop.
Egypt
What country has the lowest pop.
Bahrain
What are some of the main ethnic groups in the M.E.
1) Arabs
2) Persians
Define Zionism
Movement to create a seperate Jewish homeland
Who 1st created Zionism? When?
Theodor Herzl; In the 1890’s
Why was Zionism made
Pogrom
Define Pogrom
Organized campaigns of violence against Jews
Define Anti-Semitism
Political, social, and economical agitation against Jews (Hatred of Jews)
Between what years did the Holocaust occur
1939 - 1945
Who many Jews were murdered during the Holocaust
6 million
What other groups were targeted by the Nazis
Gypsies, Disabled, Homosexual
Which country had the highest % of their Jewish pop. murdered during the Holocaust
Poland (91%)
What was the most common method used to kill the Jews during the Holocaust
Gas Chambers (Used Zyklon - 13 poison)
What was Kristallnacht
“Night of Broken Glass” (Nov. 11, 1938)
Why did Kristallnacht happen on that date
Hitler wanted to take away the symbol of the 11th (Embarrassing contract w/ France)
Who was the Nazi’s leader in charge of the SS
Heinrich Himmler
What was Einsatzgruppen Battalions
A squad that did a mass shooting of the Jews
When was the Wannsee Conference
January 1942
What was the result of the Wannsee Conference
Final Solution
What was the Post-war solution (WW2) for the Jews
Create a separate Jewish homeland for the Jews = Created Israel
What was the problem with created Israel
The land chosen was mandated for Palestinian independence
When was Israel offically created
1948
What % of Palestine was taken away to create Israel
55%
Relative location of the Gaza Strip
Area of land found along the Mediterranean Sea & borders Egypt and Israel
Relative location of the West Bank
Western bank of the Jordan river
Relative location of the Golan Heights
Buffer zone created between Israel & Syria
What started the Persian Gulf War
Iraq invaded Kuwait (Claimed that it was their 19th province = was not)
How long did the Persian Gulf War last
6 weeks
What was Operation Iraqi Freedom
To remove Hussein and his regime from power (Mainly due to the type of gas he used that both killed his opponents & his own troops)
What are the 3 largest cities by pop. in the M.E.
1) Cairo
2) Istanbul
3) Tehran
Who are the Kurds? Where?
Ethnic group of the M.E? Turkey & Iraq
What was the proposed country for the Kurds
Kurdistan
What is the Islamic law called
Sharia(h) [Sure-ree-a] - Traditional sacred Law of Islam
What was the source of Sharia
Book of Koran
What is the common goal of the Sharia
Muslim unity
Which M.E. nations still use Sharia today
Bahrain, Iran, Saudi Arabia
Define Islamic Fundamentalism
Movement for M.E. nations to return to conservative values set forth in the Koran & remove themselves from Western influence
Define Pan-Arabism
Movement to unite all Arab speaking people
Define ISIS
Islamic State of Iraq & Syria
