Gross Anatomy 15 - [Digestive System]

Question 1

Functions

Answer 1

Ingest
Digest
Absorb
Excrete

Question 2

Organs that are part of the digestive system

Answer 2

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum, anus
Accessory organs (4)

Question 3

Layers of digestive tract, from inner to outermost

Answer 3

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscle
Serosal- peritoneum forms the lining of the abdominal cavity

Question 4

What’s peristalsis

Answer 4

Waves of muscle contraction and relaxation

Question 5

Parts of oral cavity that help in digestion

Answer 5

Teeth
Tongue
Salivary glands

Question 6

Where does the digestion starts

Answer 6

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus - Esophageal sphincter (PES,LES)

Question 7

Functions of the stomach

Answer 7

Regulates
Secretes gastric juice - HCl
Secretes hormones - Gastrin —> HCl, Glycoprotein —> vit B12
Digests
Absorbs

Question 8

Structure of stomach

Answer 8

LES
Fundus
Body
Lesser/ Greater curvature
Rugae
Pylorus
Pyloric sphincter

Question 9

Cells involved in stomach

Answer 9

Mucous —> Mucine
Parietal—> HCl, instrinsic factor
Chief —> Pepsin

Question 10

Muscles involved in stomach

Answer 10

Longitudinal
Oblique
Circular - Chyme, peristalsis

Question 11

What’re the parts of the small intestine

Answer 11

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

Question 12

What’re the functions of the small intestine

Answer 12

Digests
Absorbs
Secretes hormones - Secretin

Question 13

What get absorbed inside the lacteals

Answer 13

Fats

Question 14

What’s the structure of the large intestine

Answer 14

Cecum
Colon - ATDS
Rectum, anus

Question 15

What’s the main difference in terms of function between small and large intestine

Answer 15

Small - absorbs nutrients
Large - absorbs water, electrolytes

Question 16

Functions of the large intestine

Answer 16

Absorbs water, electrolytes
Synthesis of vit K
Storage of waste
Elimination

Question 17

What’re the accessory digestive organs

Answer 17

Salivary glands
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas

Question 18

What’re the liver functions

Answer 18

Synthesis: bile salts, bile, plasma proteins
Storage: glucose, fat soluble vit (ADEK)
Detoxification
Excretion: bilirubin, cholesterol, drugs
Metabolism: carbs, protein, fats
Phagocytosis

Question 19

End products of digestion flow through ___to

Answer 19

Portal vein to liver

Question 20

Liver processes end products of digestion, discharging blood through ___into

Answer 20

Hepatic veins into IVC

Question 21

Where does each protease gets rereleased

Answer 21

Pepsin - stomach
Trypsin, Chymotrypsin - pancreas
Enterokinase - duodenum

Question 22

What organ controls the appetite

Answer 22

Hypothalamus