Gonadal Hormones and Inhibitors II Flashcards
what are the synthetic androgens
FOODS MN
Fluoxymesterone Oxymetholone Oxandrolone Danazol Stanozolol
Methyltestosterone
Nandrolone
importance of 5 alpha reductase
testosterone –> DHT (dihydroxytestosterone)
function of DHT
- differentiates penis, scrotum, and prostate
- prostate gland growth, balding, sebaceous gland activity
use of androgens
- hypogonadism
- prevent osteoporosis by increasing bone density
- aplastic anemia
AE of androgens
- over masculinization
- women: hirsutism, acne, enlarged clit, suppression of menses
- Aggression and dependency
- premature closure of epiphysis
- Hepatic adenoma and prostatic hypertrophy
- Cholestatic jaundice
what happens with over dosage of androgens
feminization due to negative feedback inhibition and conversion of testosterone to estrogen
mechanism and use of Danazol
androgen derivative that is also a partial agonist of progestin and glucocorticoid receptor
-used in endometriosis and fibrocystic disease of breast
AE of danazol
Hepatitis
Masculinizing effect - acne, hirsutism, menstrual disturbances
classes of the anti androgens
androgen receptor antagonist
5 alpha reductase inhibitor
steroid synthesis inhibitor
what are the main androgen receptor antagonists
Flutamide
Bicalutamide
Nilutamide
what are the anti androgen receptor antagonists used for (name them)
flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide
used together with GnRH analogues such as leuprolide and Goserelin to prevent initial flare up due to increase in gonadal hormones that occurs when treating with GnRH analogues
other anti androgen blockers (anti androgen receptor antagonist), their mechanisms, and their uses
Spironolactone: blocks aldosterone and competes with androgen receptors –> used for hirsutism
Cyproterone: progesteronal effect suppresses LH and FSH –> used for hirsutism and excessive sex drive in men
steroid synthesis inhibitor and its AE and use
ketoconazole used for prostate cancer
AE: inhibitor of CYP450
what is the 5 alpha reductase inhibitor
Finasteride: stops conversion of testosterone to DHT
uses of finasteride
BPH and promotes hair growth (DHT causes balding)
