Adrenergic Drugs II Flashcards
non selective alpha adrenergic blocker
phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine,
drugs used to treat pheochromocytoma
phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine
what drug should be given alongside phenoxybenzamine
beta blocker since alpha blocker phenoxybenzamine can cause tachycardia but make sure not to give beta blocker until alpha blockade has been established so as not to have increased vasoconstriction due to unopposed beta blocker
adverse effects of phenoxybenzamine
postural hypotension, nasal stuffiness, nausea, vomiting
inhibit ejaculation
what does phentolamine block
alpha 1 and alpha 2 blocker
type of patient is phentolamine contraindicated in
those with decreased coronary perfusion
what is phentolamine used for
- pheochromocytoma (and for its diagnosis)
- prevention of dermal necrosis
- hypertensive crisis in general
alpha 1 selective adrenergic blockers
prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin,
TT DP
what is prasozin used to treat
hypertension because it causes relaxation of both arterial and venous SM
what are terazosin and doxazosin used for
tx of hypertension and BPH
they have longer half life so require less frequent dosing
what receptor is tamsulosin selective for and its importance
alpha 1A receptor antagonist
which is specific for genitourinary tract
main use of tamsulosin
treatment of BPH (urinary retention) because of its specificity as an alpha 1A receptor blocker
not very helpful treating hypertension
alpha 2 selective blocker
yohimbine
what is yohimbine used for
to treat antihypertensive effects of alpha 2 agonist clonidine (was used to treat erectile dysfunction)
non selective beta antagonist
propanolol, timolol, and nadolol
propanolol, timolol, nadolol are contraindicated in what type of patients and why
those with COPD and asthma because of blockage of beta 2 which leads to contraction of bronchial SM hence leading to a respiratory crisis
also kind of diabetics especially after they take their insulin injection since their beta 2 receptor is blocked on the liver and skeletal muscle hence less glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis (hence glucose level has to be watched)
what is propanolol used to treat
hypertension, glaucoma, migraine, hyperthyroidism, angina pectoris, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, performance anxiety (stage fright), essential tremor
beta blocker are contraindicated in what type of heart problem
variant angina
adverse effects of beta blockers
- bronchoconstriction
- affect recovery from hypoglycemia in insulin dependent diabetics
- mask tachycardia that is seen in hypoglycemia as a warning sign
- affect lipolysis
- CNS effects
why shouldn’t beta blocker be stopped abruptly
to avoid tachycardia, hypertension, and ischemia
what is nadolol used for
- long term management of angina pectoris
- hypertension
what is tomolol used for
- hypertension
- prophylaxis for migraine
- open angle glaucoma
beta one selective antagonist
atenolol, metoprolol, esmolol
MEA
uses of atenolol and metoprolol
- hypertension
- angina pectoris long term
- acute MI
use of esmolol
better since it is short acting hence safer
- supraventricular arrhythmias
- arrhythmias associated with thyrotoxicosis, periop hypertension, myocardial ischemia
alpha 1 and beta blocker
labetalol and carvedilol
what is labetalol used for
hypertension
adverse effects of labetalol
orthostatic hypotension and dizziness
hepatic injury
what is carvedilol used for
hypertension and CHF
chemically how does pindolol work and what is its use
partial beta agonist
hypertension
adrenergic drugs that act presynaptically
alpha methyltyrosine (metyrosine), reserpine, tetrabenazine
chemically how does metyrosine work and what is its use
it inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase which turn tyr to dopa
used as an adjuvant to phenoxybenzamine to treat pheochromocytoma
how does reserpine work and what is it used for
irreversible inhibitor of VMAT leading to depletion of NE
hypertension
how does tetrabenazine work and what is it used for
reversible inhibitor of VMAT
chorea associated with Huntington’s
