GI bleeding Flashcards
1
Q
What may cause GI bleeding?
A
- duodenal ulcer
- gastric erosions
- gastric ulcer
- varices
2
Q
What does the rockall risk scoring system measure?
A
- guidance for upper GI bleeding
- age, pulse, SB, co-morbidity
3
Q
How might you treat a bleeding peptic ulcer?
A
- endoscopic treatment
- injection of adrenaline
- heater probe coagulation
- combinations
- clips
- haemospray
4
Q
How does haemo-spray work?
A
- when in contact with the blood the powder absorbs water
- acts to create a mechanical barrier over the bleed
5
Q
What may be a common clinical history in acute variceal bleeding?
A
- cirrhosis
- alcoholism
6
Q
Treatment of varices?
A
- coagulopathy
- CVP monitioring
- antibiotics
7
Q
What part of the oesophagus does varices mainly effect?
A
- lower 1/3rd of oesophagus
8
Q
What is the prophylaxis treatment of varices and cirrhosis?
A
- non-selective beta blocker (propranolol)
9
Q
What is the immediate management of a lower GI bleed?
A
- take bloods
- IV access, 2 large bore IV cannulas
- give blood transfusion if required
- o2 therapy
- surgery if bleeding persists
10
Q
What reduces re-bleeding rates?
A
- IV omerprazole
- then infusion
11
Q
What causes a mallory-weirs tear?
A
- sudden increased in intra-abdominal pressure
- heavy bout of coughing, or vomiting
- alcoholics
12
Q
Mesenteric ischemia effects what part of the GI tract?
A
- small intestine
13
Q
Colonic ischamia effects what part of the GI tract?
A
- large intestine
