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module 4 > Genitourinary Overview And Assessment > Flashcards

Genitourinary Overview And Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

Kidney function

A

Regulate the volume and composition of ECF
Excrete waste products from the body
Control BP
Erythropoietin production
Vitamin d activation
Acid base balance regulation

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2
Q

Glomerular filtration

A

Catch the beads and now its going to go through tubes to filter some more

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3
Q

GFR

A

125ml/min

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4
Q

ADH

A

Important in water balance
Regulated by posterior pituitary gland

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5
Q

Aldosterone

A

Reabsorptiom of na & water
Released from adrenal cortex

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6
Q

Ureters

A

Carry urine from renal pelvis to bladder
Ureteral lumens are narrow

Some occlusion can happen here

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7
Q

Urethra

A

Women 1-2 inches
Men 8-10 inches
Women higher risk for UTI

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8
Q

Bladder

A

Reservoir for urine
Capacity 600-1000ml
Detrusor (bladder muscle)
Urination,micturition, voiding

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9
Q

Contincence

A

Voluntary control

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10
Q

Stress incontinence

A

Like when you sneeze or do activity and accidentally pee

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11
Q

Why is it important to assess gender

A

Women high risk of uti

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12
Q

Assessment history collection

A

Are they taking baths, homeless
Gender/age
Dietary habits
Previous surgeries /hospitalization
Family / personal health history

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13
Q

What can antibiotics cause

A

Yeast infections(kills good flora)
Nephrotoxic (check kidney function

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14
Q

Medication use

A

Prescription/otc
(Antibiotics , nsaids)
Vitamins herbal supplements
Potential nephrotoxic agent

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15
Q

Diuretics

A

Watch i&o

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16
Q

Anuria

A

Inability to urinate

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17
Q

Oliguria

A

Production abnormally small

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18
Q

Nephrotoxic drugs

A

Amphotericin , vancomycin, gentamicin , chemo therapy drugs, cocaine , heroine

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19
Q

Polyuria

A

Going more than normal
Excessive
Frequent

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20
Q

Health perception / management pattern

A

Assess how pt takes care of them selves and assess where they see themselves going from here

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21
Q

Nutritional metabolic pattern

A

How’s apetite, weight loss (dehydration, tumor)
weight gain ( fluid retaining)

22
Q

Elimination pattern

A
23
Q

Activity - exercise pattern

A

Functional incontinence when they get up and start walking

24
Q

Sleep rest pattern

A

Are they getting up and going to the rest room at night interrupting sleep

25
Q

Sexuality reproductive pattern

A

Changes in sexual activity?

26
Q

Physical examination

A

Inspection
Auscultation
Palpation( shouldn’t feel kidney , maybe the right but if you can palpate it its concerning)
Percussion

27
Q

If BUN is elevated by its self

A

Could be dehydrated

28
Q

If BUN and creatine are up together

A

Possibly mean that kidneys aren’t functioning properly

29
Q

If kidneys are affected we may see

A

Hyperkalemia (so assess heart)

30
Q

Creatine

A

.6-1.3

31
Q

BUN

A

7-21

32
Q

Urinalysis

A

First morning void
Examine urine within one hour

33
Q

Urine culture and sensitivity

A

Will tell us what antibiotic we will use

34
Q

Composite urin collection

A

Measures specific components in urine

35
Q

Creatine clearance

A

24 hour urin collection
Approximates GFR
Discard first urination
Save urin from all subsequent urinations for 24 hours
Have pt urinate at the end of 24 hours and add specimen to collection

36
Q

Creatine is a

A

Waste product of protein

37
Q

KUB (kidneys ureters bladder )

A

Helps see size and shape
X-ray examination

38
Q

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

A

Contraindicated in pt who have poor kidney function
Injection of Contrast medium

39
Q

Renal ultra sound

A

Uses sound waves

40
Q

Cystography/cystourethrography

A

Picture
Cyst or tumor may be causing issues so they want a picture

41
Q

Ct scan

A

Without contrast (not as good image but will give you a good picture)

42
Q

Cystoscopy

A

scope of bladder

43
Q

Renal biopsy

A

Get consent form signed and make sure they know they are at high risk of bleeding (kidneys are vascular)

Needle will go through (CT or ultrasound will guide it )
Contraindicated of bleeding isorders, single kidney, uncontrolled hypertension

44
Q

Renal angiogram

A

Helps look at blood vessels in your kidney

45
Q

Before biopsy

A

Type and cross match pt for blood
Consent sign
Assess coagulation status
Pt history and me history
Review lab values -cbc h&h clotting factors

Make sure they aren’t taking blood thinners

46
Q

After biopsy

A

Apply pressure dressing
Keep pt positioned on affected side for 30-60 min
Bed rest for 24 hours
VS 5-10 min for first hour
Assess frequently signs of bleeding infection

47
Q

Renal arteriogram before

A

Cathartic or. Emma maybe used the night before
Before injection of contrast material assess for iodine sensitivity
Prior to contrast media injection, notify pt of possible transient warm feeling along the course of blood vessels

48
Q

Enema

A

Cleanse

49
Q

After renal arteriogram

A

Place a pressure dressing over femoral artery injection site
Observe site for bleeding and inflammation
Have pt maintain bed. Rest with affected leg straight
Take peripheral pulses in the involved leg every 30 - 60 min to detect occlusion of blood flow (from thrombus or emboli)

50
Q

What happens if femoral starts bleeding out after angiogram

A

Put fist in artery for pressure and call for help

module 4 (47 decks)

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