Gen Path Final - Alcohol Flashcards
Out of the 178,000 alcohol-related deaths annually, what % are due to drunk driving?
50%
What % of violent crimes involves the perpetrator consuming alcohol?
50%
T/F: Divorce rate is higher with alcohol abuse disorder vs those w/o
True
T/F: Children of alcohol abusers have increased mortality, self-destructive behaviors, hospitalization due to violence, risk of teenage pregnancy and unemployment
True
What are the effects/disabilities of fetal alcohol syndome?
Physical
Intellectual
Social
T/F: Alcohol use disorder frequently occurs w/ other mental health disorders and vice versa
True
Alcohol is absorbed __________ in the stomach and small intestine and distributed to all tissues of body in direct proportion to blood level
unaltered
The amount of alcohol exhaled is ___________ to blood level
proportional
Impaired BAC
0.04%
Legally drunk BAC
0.08% (occurs w/ 3 standard drinks)
Binge drinking levels (in one sitting)
Women: 4+
Men: 5+
Heavy drinking levels (in a week)
Women: 8+
Men: 15+
What metabolizes alcohol to acetaldehyde?
Alcohol dehydrogenase
What decreases NAD+ that is required for normal fatty acid oxidation, so it leads to fatty liver?
Production of acetaldehyde
Alcohol competes w/ other drugs for __________ enzymes, which leads to toxicities in the liver
p450
What are the acute effects of alcohol?
CNS depression
Gastritis/ulceration
T/F: Alcohol is a toxic, psychoactive, and dependence-producing substance and has been classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer decades ago – this is the highest risk group, which also includes asbestos, radiation and tobacco
True
T/F: Alcohol is a carcinogen
True
Chronic effects in liver
Fatty change
Alcohol hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Chronic effects in GI
Bleeding
Ulceration
Esophageal varices
Dysbiosis
Chronic effects in heart
Cardiomyopathy
Arrhythmia
IHD
Hypertension
Chronic effects in brain
Stroke
Alcohol causes thiamine deficiency. What does this cause?
Peripheral neuropathy
Cerebral atrophy
Chronic effects in pancreas
Pancreatitis
T/F: Alcohol causes immune dysregulation
True
