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D2 Fall > Clinical Radiology - Acquired Dental Anomalies > Flashcards

Clinical Radiology - Acquired Dental Anomalies Flashcards

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1
Q

Which acquired dental anomalies have to do with dental wear?

A

Attrition
Abrasion
Erosion
Abfraction

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2
Q

Which acquired dental anomalies have to do with resorption?

A

Internal resorption
External resorption

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3
Q

What are the 4 categories of acquired dental anomalies?

A

Dental wear
Resorption
Pulpal calcifications
Hypercementosis

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4
Q

Gradual loss of dental hard tissue as a result of chewing

A

Attrition

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5
Q

Curved surfaces of teeth are gradually altered to flat planes

A

Attrition

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6
Q

What factors may accelerate attrition?

A

Bruxism, diet

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7
Q

Crowns shortened coronal-apically; many adjacent teeth in each arch may show wear pattern

A

Attrition

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8
Q

Incisal edges of mandibular incisors become pitted or “dished out”

A

Attrition

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9
Q

In both attrition and abrasion:

Enamel wears away, dentin becomes exposed, and there is deposition of secondary dentin. What does this cause?

A

Decreased pulpal space

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10
Q

There is a reduction in the size of pulp chamber and canals, but the PDL space widens

A

Attrition

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11
Q

Gradual loss of dental hard tissue as a result of external mechanical action

A

Abrasion

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12
Q

Which acquired dental anomaly?

Parafunctional habits (holding objects btwn teeth, toothpicks)
Poorly-fitting partial denture or retainer
Brushing or floss injuries (hard bristles, abrasive toothpaste, excessive pressure)

A

Abrasion

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13
Q

What type of injury causing abrasion?

Radiolucent, well-defined defects at cervical level of teeth; contralateral to dominant hand

A

Toothbrush injury

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14
Q

What type of injury causing abrasion?

Radiolucent, semilunar, well-defined defects in the interproximal surfaces of the cervical level of teeth; usually more present on distal side

A

Floss injury

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15
Q

What type of injury causing abrasion?

Radiolucent, semilunar, well-defined defect in distal surfaces at the cervical level of teeth

A

Poorly-fitting partial denture

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16
Q

Gradual loss of dental hard tissue as a result of chemical injuries (not involving bacteria)

A

Erosion

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17
Q

Caused by excessive intake of acid beverages, gastric reflux, and bulimia

A

Erosion

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18
Q

Smoothly outlined defects on enamel and underlying dentin

A

Erosion

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19
Q

Dentin, enamel, and restoration are all worn to the same level

A

Attrition

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20
Q

Dentin and enamel are worn to the same level, but restorations are elevated

A

Erosion

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21
Q

Loss of tooth structural from occlusal stresses that create repeated tooth flexure

A

Abfraction

22
Q

Failure of enamel and dentin at a location away from the point of loading (usually result of occlusal forces)

A

Abfraction

23
Q

Creates sharp angles/edges at gum line

A

Abfraction

24
Q

Creates flatter, smooth surface at gum line

A

Abrasion

25
Q

Removal of tooth structure by odontoclasts

A

Resorption

26
Q

Only sections of the tooth that are covered by ________ __________ are susceptible to resorption. This means resorption usually happens on the _______

A

soft tissue; root

27
Q

Progressive resorption of deciduous tooth that result in shedding and subsequent eruption of permanent tooth

A

Physiological root resorption

28
Q

Odontoclasts resorb the outer surface of the tooth

A

External resorption

29
Q

What are the causes of external resorption?

A

Excessive mechanical (ortho) and occlusal forces
Localized inflammatory lesions
Reimplanted teeth
Impacted teeth, tumors, and cysts
Unknown

30
Q

Blunting of roots

A

External resorption

31
Q

Localized, subepithelial, supra-osseous resorptive process of the tooth

A

Invasive cervical resorption

32
Q

Asymptomatic; etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood

A

Invasive cervical resorption

33
Q

What type of Invasive cervical resorption?

Supracrestal - at level of CEJ

A

Invasive cervical resorption Class 1

34
Q

What type of Invasive cervical resorption?

Coronal 1/3

A

Invasive cervical resorption Class 2

35
Q

What type of Invasive cervical resorption?

Subcrestal - into middle 1/3

A

Invasive cervical resorption Class 3

36
Q

What type of Invasive cervical resorption?

Apical 1/3

A

Invasive cervical resorption Class 4

37
Q

Odontoclasts resorb the dentin wall of pulp chamber or root canal

A

Internal resorption

38
Q

Focal enlargement of the pulp space

A

Internal resorption

39
Q

Etiology is unknown; probably related to inflammation - acute trauma, pulp capping, pulpotomy

A

Internal resorption

40
Q

Radiolucent localized round, oval, or elongated lesions, continuous with image of the pulp chamber or root canal; sharply defined or diffuse

A

Internal resorption

41
Q

Important for proper diagnosis of resorptive lesions and treatment planning

A

CBCT

42
Q

Changes in pulpal tissue resulting in mineralization

A

Pulpal calcifications

43
Q

What is the function of the pulp?

A

Dentin formation and nutrition

44
Q

What type of dentin?

Deposited in pulp structures
Physiologic process, slow, continuous
Related to aging

A

Secondary dentin

45
Q

What type of dentin?

Additional deposition related to stimuli

A

Tertiary dentin

46
Q

Common idiopathic calcifications
Freely in tissue or attached to wall
Usually round radiopacities
No treatment required

A

Pulp stones

47
Q

Idiopathic calcifications
Associated with older age
May be related to trauma
Diffuse, ill-defined
Difficulty for endodontic procedures due to calcified canals
No treatment required

A

Pulpal sclerosis

48
Q

Excessive deposition of cementum on tooth roots

A

Hypercementosis

49
Q

Can be caused by:

Supraerupted tooth (lost opposing tooth)
Periapical inflammation
Paget Disease of bone and Hyperpituitarism
Unknown

A

Hypercementosis

50
Q

Roots appear thickened on X-Rays

A

Hypercementosis

51
Q

Difference in radiopacity of cementum vs dentin

A

Hypercementosis

52
Q

Continuity of the lamina dura and the PDL space that encompasses the extra cementum

A

Hypercementosis

D2 Fall (16 decks)

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