Gametes (3.6/7)

Question 1

State the function of the flagellum in sperm cells.

Answer 1

Responsible fro movement by helping propel the sperm forward through the reproductive tract.

Question 2

State the function of the mitochondria in sperm cells

Answer 2

Produces energy which enables the sperm cell to move

Question 3

State the function of the acrosome in sperm cells

Answer 3

This is the cap like structure on the head of the sperm which contains enzymes that will help break down the outer membrane of the egg so that the sperm can fertilise it.

Question 4

State the function of the halpoid nucleus in sperm cells

Answer 4

This contains the gentic information for fertilisation

Question 5

State the function of lipid droplets in the ovum cells

Answer 5

Lipid droplets are used for energy production and signalling in ovum cells.

Question 6

State the function of cortical granules in the ovum cells.

Answer 6

Cortical granules are secretory vesicles poised at the cortex of an egg that, upon stimulation by sperm contact at fertilization, secrete their contents. These contentsmodify the extracellular environment and block additional sperm from reaching the egg.

Question 7

State the function of zona pellucida in ovum cells

Answer 7

The zona pellucida supports communication between oocytes and follicle cells during oogenesis; protects oocytes, eggs, and embryos during development, and regulates interactions between ovulated eggs and free-swimming sperm during and following fertilization.

Question 8

State the function of the haploid nucleus in ovum cells.

Answer 8

Contains the genetic information needed during fertilisation.

Question 9

Desribe the process and fucntion of the acrosome reaction

Answer 9

Itallows spermatozoa to penetrate the zona pellucida and fuse with the oocyte membrane. Spermatozoa unable to undergo the acrosome reaction will not fertilize intact oocytes. The acrosome containing hydrolytic enzymes breaks down the zona pellucida. This process is a exocytosis event induced by a Ca++ influx.

Question 10

Describe the function and process of the cortical reaction

Answer 10

The cortical reaction is a calcium-dependent exocytotic process in which the content of secretory granules is released into the perivitellin space immediately after fertilization, whichserves to prevent polyspermic fertilization.

Question 11

Give the term to when a haploid nuclei of the ovum and the sperm cell fuse

Answer 11

This leads to the formation of the diploid nucleus