(4.16)

Question 1

List the four purposes of a zoo

Answer 1

1) Scientific research about ecology/breeding behavior
2) Captive breeding programmes
3) Reintroduce animals to wild
4) Educate the general public

Question 2

Define the term genetic drift

Answer 2

variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce.

Question 3

Define the term inbreeding depression

Answer 3

Inbreeding depression is the reduced survival and fertility of offspring of related individuals

Question 4

Explain how studbooks avoid genetic drift and inbreeding depression in captive bred populations

Answer 4

Studbooks are the most important tool in scientifically managing ex situ populations of wild animals, ensuring their sufficient size, demographic stability and high level of genetic diversity.

Question 5

Describe the conditions needed in order to store seeds in seed banks

Answer 5

A cold (not cool) and dry

Question 6

Explain why these conditions are necessary

Answer 6

The dry prevents damage to seeds via ice Crystal formation (freezing effect)
The cold prevents decay
And the cold and dry reduces the chances of germination and microorganisms activity by decreasing enzyme activity and protects viability and longevity

Question 7

Explain why seeds need to be tested for viability

Answer 7

Generally, seed viability tests assess whether a seed is alive, metabolically active, and possess enzymes capable of catalyzing metabolic reactions needed for germination and seedling growth

Question 8

Give reasons why storage of seeds is useful from a conservation standpoint

Answer 8

Replenishment of ecosystems and preserves genetic biodiversity. Can also make up for habitat destruction, consequences of climate change and over-harvesting.
Also protects the plants important in medicine and agricultural factors.