5.6

Question 1

Give the equation to form ATP. State the name of the reaction and the enzyme
responsible

Answer 1

A condensation reaction occurs between ADP and a free phosphate. ATP synthase helps binds these two.

Question 2

Give the equation to breakdown ATP. State the name of the reaction and the enzyme
responsible

Answer 2

A hydrolysis reaction occurs where a phosphate breaks off to form ADP and a free phosphate. The enzyme that carries this out is ATP hydrolase

Question 3

Explain how ATP can be used as an energy source

Answer 3

ATP is able to power cellular processes by transferring a phosphate group to another molecule (a process called phosphorylation). This transfer is carried out by special enzymes that couple the release of energy from ATP to cellular activities that require energy

Question 4

Describe the structure of ATP

Answer 4

ATP has an adenosine base with a ribose base. Linked to this is three phosphate groups.

Question 5

Compare and contrast the structure of ATP to a DNA nucleotide

Answer 5

While ATP has three phosphate groups attached to a pentose sugar, the nucleotide in RNA and DNA have a single phosphate group attached to the pentose sugar. However, while the pentose sugar in RNA and ATP is ribose, DNA has deoxyribose.