Fundamentals of Immunology

Question 1

1. Which of the following is not involved in the acquired
   (adaptive) immune response?
   a. Phagocytosis
   b. Production of antibody or complement
   c. Induction of immunologic memory
   d. Accelerated immune response upon subsequent
   exposure to antigen

Answer 1

a. Phagocytosis

Question 2

2. Which cells are involved in the production of antibodies?
   a. Dendritic cells
   b. T lymphocytes
   c. B lymphocytes
   d. Macrophages

Answer 2

c. B lymphocytes

Question 3

3. Which of the following cells is involved in antigen recognition following phagocytosis?
   a. B lymphocytes
   b. T lymphocytes
   c. Macrophages
   d. Granulocytes

Answer 3

b. T lymphocytes

Question 4

4. The role of the macrophage during an antibody response
   is to:
   a. Make antibody.
   b. Lyse virus-infected target cells.
   c. Activate cytotoxic T cells.
   d. Process antigen and present it.

Answer 4

d. Process antigen and present it.

Question 5

5. Which of the following immunoglobulins is produced in
   the primary immune response?
   a. IgA
   b. IgE
   c. IgG
   d. IgM

Answer 5

d. IgM

Question 6

6. Which of the following immunoglobulins is produced in
   the secondary immune response?
   a. IgA
   b. IgE
   c. IgG
   d. IgM

Answer 6

c. IgG

Question 7

7. Which of the following MHC classes encodes complement components?
   a. Class I
   b. Class II
   c. Class III
   d. Class IV

Answer 7

b. Class II

Question 8

8. Which of the following immunoglobulins is most efficient
   at binding complement?
   a. IgA
   b. IgE
   c. IgG
   d. IgM

Answer 8

d. IgM

Question 9

9. Which portion of the immunoglobulin molecules contains complement binding sites?
   a. Heavy chain variable region
   b. Light chain variable region
   c. Heavy chain constant region
   d. Light chain constant region

Answer 9

c. Heavy chain constant region

Question 10

10. Which complement pathway is activated by the formation of antigen-antibody complexes?
    a. Classical
    b. Alternative
    c. Lectin
    d. Retro

Answer 10

a. Classical

Question 11

11. Which of the following is known as the “recognition
    unit” in the classical complement pathway?
    a. C1q
    b. C3a
    c. C4
    d. C5

Answer 11

a. C1q

Question 12

12. Which of the following is known as the “membrane
    attack complex” in the classical complement pathway?
    a. C1
    b. C3
    c. C4, C2, C3
    d. C5b, C6, C7, C8, C9

Answer 12

d. C5b, C6, C7, C8, C9

Question 13

13. Which of the following immunoglobulin classes is
    capable of crossing the placenta and causing hemolytic
    disease of the newborn?
    a. IgA
    b. IgE
    c. IgG
    d. IgM

Answer 13

c. IgG

Question 14

14. Which of the following refers to the effect of an excess
    amount of antigen present in a test system?
    a. Postzone
    b. Prozone
    c. Zone of equivalence
    d. Endzone

Answer 14

a. Postzone

Question 15

15. Which of the following refers to the presence of an
    excess amount of antibody present in a test system?
    a. Postzone
    b. Prozone
    c. Zone of equivalence
    d. Endzone

Answer 15

b. Prozone

Question 16

16. Which one of the following properties of antibodies is
    NOT dependent on the structure of the heavy chain
    constant region?
    a. Ability to cross the placenta
    b. Isotype (class)
    c. Ability to fix complement
    d. Affinity for antigen

Answer 16

d. Affinity for antigen

Question 17

17. Molecules that promote the update of bacteria for
    phagocytosis are:
    a. Opsonins.
    b. Cytokines.
    c. Haptens.
    d. Isotypes

Answer 17

a. Opsonins.

Question 18

18. Select the term that describes the unique confirmation
    of the antigen that allows recognition by a corresponding antibody.
    a. Immunogen
    b. Epitope
    c. Avidity

Answer 18

b. Epitope

Question 19

19. Which of the following terms refers to the net negative
    charge surrounding red blood cells?
    a. Dielectric constant
    b. Van der Waals forces
    c. Hydrogen bonding
    d. Zeta potential

Answer 19

d. Zeta potential