Adverse Effects of Transfusion

Question 1

1. What component is most frequently involved with
   transfusion-associated sepsis?
   a. Plasma
   b. Packed red blood cells
   c. Platelets
   d. Whole blood

Answer 1

c. Platelets

Question 2

2. Fatal transfusion reactions are mostly caused by:
   a. Serologic errors
   b. Improper storage of blood
   c. Clerical errors
   d. Improper handling of the product

Answer 2

c. Clerical errors

Question 3

3. Early manifestation of an acute hemolytic transfusion
   reaction can be confused with:
   a. Allergic reaction
   b. Febrile nonhemolytic reaction
   c. Anaphylactic shock
   d. Sepsis

Answer 3

b. Febrile nonhemolytic reaction

Question 4

4. Pain at infusion site and hypotension are observed with
   what type of reaction?
   a. Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
   b. Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
   c. Allergic reaction
   d. Febrile nonhemolytic reaction

Answer 4

b. Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Question 5

5. Irradiation of blood is performed to prevent:
   a. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction
   b. Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
   c. Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
   d. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload

Answer 5

c. Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease

Question 6

6. The only presenting sign most often accompanying a
   delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction is:
   a. Renal failure
   b. Unexplained decrease in hemoglobin
   c. Active bleeding
   d. Hives

Answer 6

b. Unexplained decrease in hemoglobin

Question 7

7. Which transfusion reaction presents with fever, maculopapular rash, watery diarrhea, abnormal liver function,
   and pancytopenia?
   a. Transfusion-associated sepsis
   b. Transfusion-related acute lung injury
   c. Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
   d. Transfusion-associated allergic reaction

Answer 7

c. Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease

Question 8

8. A suspected transfusion-related death must be reported to:
   a. AABB
   b. Federal and Drug Administration (FDA)
   c. College of American Pathologists (CAP)
   d. The Joint Commission (TJC)

Answer 8

b. Federal and Drug Administration (FDA)

Question 9

9. Nonimmune hemolysis can be caused during transfusion by:
   a. Use of small bore size needle
   b. Use of an infusion pump
   c. Improper use of a blood warmer
   d. All of the above

Answer 9

d. All of the above

Question 10

10. Transfusion reactions are classified according to:
    a. Signs or symptoms presenting during or after
    24 hours
    b. Immune or nonimmune
    c. Infectious or noninfectious
    d. All of the above

Answer 10

d. All of the above

Question 11

11. With febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions:
    a. They are self-limited
    b. Fever resolves within 2–3 hours
    c. Treatment is required
    d. a and b are correct
    e. All of the above

Answer 11

e. All of the above

Question 12

12. Absolute IgA deficiency is a classic example of a severe
    allergic reaction. A result indicating an absolute IgA
    deficiency is:
    a. <0.05 mg/dL
    b. <0.50 mg/dL
    c. <0.50 gm/dL
    d. <5 mg/dL

Answer 12

a. <0.05 mg/dL

Question 13

13. How are mild allergic transfusion reactions with isolated
    symptoms or hives and urticaria treated?
    a. Transfusion is stopped and transfusion reaction
    workup is initiated
    b. Transfusion is stopped and antihistamines administrated; when symptoms improve, transfusion is
    restarted
    c. Stop transfusion and prepare washed red blood cells
    d. Continue transfusion with a slower infusion rate

Answer 13

b. Transfusion is stopped and antihistamines administrated; when symptoms improve, transfusion is
restarted

Question 14

14. TRALI presents with the following symptoms:
    a. Respiratory distress
    b. Severe hypoxemia and hypotension
    c. Fever
    d. All of the above

Answer 14

d. All of the above

Question 15

15. Which of the following is characteristic of iron overload?
    a. Delayed, nonimmune complication occurs
    b. Chelating agents are used
    c. Multiorgan damage may occur
    d. All of the above

Answer 15

d. All of the above