fundamentals: chapter 9 Flashcards
purposes of patient education
- preventing illness or promoting wellness
- patient must be taught how to care for himself at home before discharge
- patient teaching begins at time of admission
nurses teach their patients about
- disease or disorder
- diet and medications
- treatment and self-care
patient education
- assessment of learning needs
- prepare a plan
- factors affecting learning
- cultural values, confidence and abilities,
readiness to learn
- cultural values, confidence and abilities,
- form a teaching plan
- collaborate with other health care
professionals
- collaborate with other health care
modes of learning
- visual learning
- learn by seeing
- auditory learning
- learn by listening
- kinesthetic learning
- learn by doing
assessment of learning needs
to prepare a teaching plan:
- assess patient for knowledge of disease
- diet (if related to condition)
- activity regimen or limitations
- medications (prescriptions and OTC)
- self-care at home
prioritize learning needs so you can concentrate on teaching essential knowledge first
factors affecting learning
- poor vision or hearing
- impaired motor function
- illiteracy
- impaired cognition
- age
readiness to learn
- assess patient’s readiness to learn
- motivation is important
- show patient the advantages of learning what they need to know
cultural values and expectations
- must work within patient’s values and cultural system
- can interfere with patient’s ability to cooperate and learn skills for self-care
confidence and ability
- patients often express a lack of self confidence
- teaching may need to be broken down in small steps
- assess what patients already know so you can build on their current knowledge base
special considerations when teaching older adults
- provide good lighting
- provide printed materials in large font
- encourage patient to wear glasses if needed
- encourage patient to wear/adjust hearing aids
- use short sentences and pause frequently
- keep medical terms to a minimum
- ask questions frequently
the patient education plan
preparing a teaching plan includes:
- analyzing assessment data
- establishing behavioral objectives
- creating a plan to help patient reach goals in a timely and effective manner
resources for patient education
- books, audiovisual materials, pamphlets, and hands-on equipment
- local government agencies often provide printed and online listings of community public service programs
- hospital social workers and patient representatives are good sources of information
implementing the plan
- do teaching when visitors, physician rounds, and treatments will not cause interruptions
- 1-on-1 or in a group setting
- patient should be comfortable
- keep teaching sessions short
- involve patient in the process
- may need to incorporate teaching into daily care
evaluation
- obtain feedback from the patient regarding what was taught
- use feedback to determine whether learning was effective
documentation
- every staff nurse is legally responsible for providing patient education
- patient education flow sheet may be used
- nurses notes should include:
- specific content taught
- method of teaching used
- evidence of evaluation with specific results
