fundamentals- chapter 4 Flashcards
1
Q
the nursing process
A
- initiated by the RN
- a way of thinking and acting based on the scientific method
- Used as a tool identify patients’ problems and an organized method to meet patients’ needs
2
Q
components of the nursing process (ADPIE)
A
A- Assessment
D- Diagnosis (nursing)
P- Planning
I- Implementation process (intervention)
E- Evaluation
AD is done by RN, PIE can be done by RN or LPN
3
Q
assessment
A
- data collection (from records, patient/family, etc)
- recognize cues
- organize and validate data
4
Q
nursing diagnosis
A
- analyze data
- identify health problems, risks, and strengths during assessment
- formulate diagnostic statements
- entered into plan of care
5
Q
planning
A
- nurse and patient set priorities and goals to eliminate, diminish, or control problems
- goals stated with specific outcomes
- nurse and patient collaborate to choose interventions and enable patient to meet specific goals
6
Q
implementation
A
- carrying out nursing interventions
- must be realistic, obtainable, and measurable
- some interventions may be delegated or carried out by other members of the health care team
- know what you can do independently (or with a PRN order) and what you need a doctor’s order for
- everything must be documented
- prioritize needs/ evaluate priorities
7
Q
evaluation
A
- assessing patient to evaluate response to intervention
- responses are compared with expected outcomes
- bases on results from eval, nursing plan of care may need to be changed
8
Q
PRN
A
“as needed”
9
Q
Clinical Judgement Model
A
- expands upon the nursing process
- emphasizes need to include context in planning patient care
- patient situations are dynamic in nature
10
Q
med adminitration
A
- typically have an hour before and an hour after an order time (unless it’s a STAT or one-time order) to administer medication
- hospitals try to stay within 30 minutes before to 30 minutes after window
11
Q
critical thinking
A
- requires careful judgement
- directed, purposeful mental activity by which you create and evaluate ideas, analyze data, anticipate problems, use expansive thinking, reflect on experience, construct plans, and determine desired outcomes
- what can you do to keep your patient safe?
- define problem clearly
- consider all possible alternatives
- consider outcomes for each alternative
- predict likelihood of each outcome occurring
- choose alternative with best chance of success and fewest undesirable outcomes
12
Q
clinical judgement
A
- the outcome of clinical reasoning
- the conclusion or decision arrived at
13
Q
abilities of the critical thinker
A
- maintain an open mind and a questioning attitude
- be confident, flexible, creative, and insightful
- recognize their own biases and limitations
- be persistent in seeking solutions
- separate relevant from irrelevant information
- recognize inconsistencies in collected data
- identify missing information
- consider all possibilities with curiosity
- anticipate potential problems
- use an organized and systematic approach to problems
- verify accuracy and reliability of data
- consider all possible solutions before making a decision
- admit what they do not know
- reason logically and reflect on experience
- strive for excellence and improvement
- draw valid conclusions from evidence or data
- set priorities and make carefully considered decisions
- be empathetic, humble, honest, and realistic
14
Q
critical thinking vs clinical reasoning
A
- Critical thinking is resolving problems to make improvements,
even when no problem exists. - Critical reasoning is the ability to define the problems the
patients are facing and to make intelligent choices that will
impact the care of that individual
15
Q
concept mapping
A
- can help you see relationships within a concept or between concepts
- helps you collect data in a logical manner and group these data in a meaningful way
