Functions of plasma proteins. Flashcards

1
Q

What are plasma proteins?

A

Organic components of blood plasma, include albumines, globulines and fibrinogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of plasma proteins?

A

transport, storage, coagulation factors, antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does plasma proteins contribute to?

A

oncotic pressure and suspension stability of the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is blood serum?

A

Blood plasma without fibrin/fibrinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name one method for detection and separation of plasma proteins?

A

Electrophoresis of blood serum or plasma –> result is electrophorogram.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is electrophoresis?

A

Charged particles’ ability of migration in an electric field depending on size, surface charge, configuration, concentration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is electrophorese used for?

A

Simple protein separation, a screening method to evaluate organic components of blood plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is CRP?

A

C-reactive protein is an acute phase protein which increase following macrofages and T-lymphocytes. Innflammation marker.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are serpins?

A

Serine protease inhibitors. Superfamily of proteins which is related to coagulation and innflammation. Diagnostic marker of innflammation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pre-albumin?

A

Protein status assesment, nutrition marker, transport thyroid hormones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Albumin

A

Maintenance of oncotic pressure, storage protein. Makes up half of serum proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

AGP (alpha acid-1 glycoprotein)?

A

Acute phase protein. Positive –> concentration increase in respond to tissue injury, innflammation or infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a-1 antitrypsin

A

serum trypsin inhibitor. Belongs to serpin family. Acute phase protein, conc. increase with acute innflammation. Absence –>neutrophils breaks down elastin, liver, lungs …

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

a-2 Haptoglobin

A

Binding free hemoglobin, prevents loss of iron and sunsequent kidney damage. Positive acute phase protein involved in angiogenesis and host defence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

a-2 Macroglobuline

A

largest major nonimmunoglubulin. Antiprotease inhibition of fibrinolysis by inhibiting plasmin ans kalkrein. Inhibitor of coagulation by inhibition of
thrombin. Transporter of growth factors and cytokines. Synthesized by liver.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lipoproteins

A

Transport of hydrophobic lipids.
VLDL( intestine liver–> muscle, adipose)
LDL(cholesterol –> tissues)
HDL(cholesterol –> liver)

17
Q

a-1 antichymotrypsin

A

Serpin, protects tissues against proteolytic effects. Acute phase protein.

18
Q

Transferin

A

Controls levels of free iron in biological fluids.
Incr-> iron deficiency
Decr.–>iron overload, protein malnutrition

19
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Precursor of fibrin. Can form bridges between platelets. Low levels–> systematic activation of clotting systems

20
Q

Complement components

A

Nine major complement proteins C1-C9.

Monitoring of autoimmune diseases.

21
Q

Angiotensinogen

A

Blood pressure

22
Q

Hemopexin

A

binds heme group for hemoglobin.

23
Q

Transcortin

A

cortisol transport

24
Q

Transcobalamin

A

B12 transport

25
Q

Proteins binding iron (transport, storage)?

A

Transferrin, Ferritin, Hemosiderin.

26
Q

What are complement proteins?

A

Number of small proteins found in blood, part of the immune system that enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells
cleaved in a cascade. 3 ways:
- Classical: antigen-antibody reaction
- Alternative: no immune reaction, based on touch.
- Lechtin: surface of bacteria.

27
Q

How are globulines classified?

A

By their banding patterns, as alfa, beta and gamma.

28
Q

What is the roleoux effect?

A

stacks or aggregations of red blood cells which form because of the unique discoid shape. The flat surface of the discoid RBCs gives them a large surface area to make contact with and stick to each other; thus forming a rouleau.

29
Q

What is MAC?

A

Membrane attacking complexes. a structure typically formed on the surface of pathogen cell membranes as a result of the activation of the host’s complement system. one of the effector proteins of the immune system. MAC forms transmembrane channels. These channels disrupt the cell membrane of target cells, leading to cell lysis and death.