Agglutination of erythrocytes Flashcards
What is agglutination?
A consequence of agglutinogen-agglutinin reaction –> blood Clumping.
Which scientists have been connected with the discovery of human blood types?
Karl Landsteiner and Jan Jansky (czech)
How did they classify the human RBC?
In to four groups in an AB0 system according to the antigen on the cell surface.
What are agglutinines?
antibodies in the blood plasma
What are agglutinogens?
Antigens on the cells plasma membrane
Which are natural antibodies?
AB0 system in humans and AB system in cats.
What are immune antibodies?
DEA system in dogs and Rh system in humans
How are most blood groups in animals inherited?
As simple Mendelian dominant characters.
What is transfucion therapy?
an attempt to replace blood or its components
What is blood-typing?
Pre-selection of appropriate donor for the recipient according to their blood groups.
What is cross matching?
Test for agglutination of the candidate donor rbc by recepient plasma to select a proper donor-recipient pair.
Which of cross-matching and blood-typing is the most practical approach?
Cross-matching, because of a lack of suitable agents in veterinary practice.
What is a generally accepted principle in veterinary medicine regarding blood transfusions?
the first transfusion can be given safely without regard to blood typing. Subsequent transfusions require cross-matching.
What is secondary immune response?
The secondary immune response occurs when the second time (3rd, 4th, etc.) the person is exposed to the same antigen. At this point immunological memory has been established and the immune system can start making antibodies immediately.
What is primary immune response?
The primary immune response occurs when an antigen comes in contact to the immune system for the first time. During this time the immune system has to learn to recognize antigen and how to make antibody against it and eventually produce memory lymphocytes.
