Functional Groups

Question 1

– OH

Answer 1

Hydroxyl group

Question 2

> C = O

Answer 2

Carbonyl group

Question 3

– COOH

Answer 3

Carboxyl group

Question 4

– NH2

Answer 4

Amino group

Question 5

– SH

Answer 5

Sulfhydryl group

Question 6

– OPO3^2

Answer 6

Phosphate group

Question 7

– CH3

Answer 7

Methyl group

Question 8

Is polar due to electronegative oxygen, forms hydrogen bonds with water, helping dissolve compounds such as water.

Answer 8

Hydroxyl group

Question 9

Sugars with ketone groups are called ketoses; those with aldehydes are called aldoses

Answer 9

Carbonyl group

Question 10

Acts as an acid. Can donate H+ because the covalent bonds between oxygen and hydrogen is so polar.

Answer 10

Carboxyl

Question 11

Acts as a base. Can pick up H+ from the surrounding solution.

Answer 11

Amino

Question 12

Two – SH groups can react, forming a cross link that helps stabilize protein structure. (hair structures)

Answer 12

Sulfhydryl

Question 13

Affects the expression of genes when bound to DNA

Answer 13

Methyl

Question 14

Contributes negative charge when positioned inside a chain of phosphates.

Answer 14

Phosphate