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IB Biology > B1.1 Carbs > Flashcards

B1.1 Carbs Flashcards

1
Q

Which is the simplest form of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

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2
Q

What is the primary storage form of carbohydrates in animals?

A

Glycogen

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3
Q

Which polysaccharide is the main structural component of plant cell walls?

A

Cellulose

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4
Q

What is the main carbohydrate found in milk?

A

Lactose

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5
Q

Type O red blood cells have ___ glycoproteins on their surface.

A

0

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6
Q

Which of the following is the primary function of triglycerides?

A

Energy storage

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7
Q

Which of the following is an essential fatty acid?

A

Linoleic acid

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8
Q

Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid?

A

Stearic acid

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9
Q

________ bonds are stable bonds that are essential in formation of polymers.

A

Covalent

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10
Q

Everytime a monomer is added to a growing polymer chain, _____ water molecule(s) is released.

A

1

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11
Q

Describe Hydrolysis:

A

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which water is added to break down a polymer by breaking the covalent bonds that are holding the monomers together.

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12
Q

The number of carbon–carbon bonds is __________ to the stability of the macromolecule.

A

proportional

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13
Q

the −OH group on carbon 1 of one glucose molecule attaches to the −OH group on carbon 4 of the other glucose molecule.

A

The resulting covalent bond that links glucose molecules together is called a 1,4-glycosidic bond.

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14
Q

________ plays an important role as a form of structural support in the plant cell wall.

A

Cellulose

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15
Q

Which feature(s) make possible transport of glucose in the blood plasma.

A

Glucose is polar. (Easily dissolves in water)

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16
Q

When glucose molecules join together, they can only form 1,4-glycosidic linkages.

True or false?

A

False, when glucose molecules join together, they will always form 1,4-glycosidic linkages but can also form 1,6-glycosidic linkages such as in amylopectin and glycogen.

17
Q

Fatty acids join to a glycerol molecule through glycosidic bonds to form a triglyceride.

True or False?

A

False

18
Q

______________ form between fatty acids and glycerol when a triglyceride is formed.

A

Ester bonds

19
Q

_________________ form between monosaccharides when they join together to form a polysaccharide.

A

Glycosidic bonds

20
Q

Triglycerides in adipose tissue are a form of energy storage and thermal insulation.
True or false?

A

True

21
Q

Which of the following has the lowest melting point?

A

a partially saturated hydrocarbon with three double bonds

22
Q

Phospholipids are called
____________ molecules as they consist of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.

A

amphipathic

23
Q

As steroids are non-polar, they have the ability to pass through the cell membrane.

True or false?

A

true

24
Q

Phospholipid bilayer has _____ heads and ______ tails.

A

Hydrophilic, Hydrophobic

25
Q

Steroids have ____ hexose rings and ___ pentose ring.

A

three, one

26
Q

Steroids are important in regulating many physiological processes in the body.

True or false?

A

True

27
Q

What classifies a steroid as a lipid?

A

It has a very low proportion of oxygen to carbon.

28
Q

Monosaccharides can join together by a type of covalent bond called a ___________.

A

Glycosidic bond

28
Q

Carbohydrates and lipids are both types of _________ , which are large molecules made up of smaller subunits.

A

Macromolecules

29
Q

________ are composed of three fatty acids and a glycerol molecule.

A

Triglycerides

30
Q

_________ are amphipathic molecules.

A

Phospholipids

31
Q

Macromolecules can be formed through a process called __________, which involves the removal of water molecules to form a larger molecule.

A

condensation

32
Q

__________ involves the addition of water molecules to break apart a larger molecule into its smaller subunits.

A

Hydrolysis

33
Q

Animals store energy in the form of ________.
____________ is an important structural component of plant cell walls.

A

Glycogen, Cellulose

IB Biology (21 decks)

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