Function Words 2 Tener Flashcards
Fork; Holder of stocks
n.
Noun:
tenedor m fork
tenedor m holder (of stocks)
(=considerarse) to have an opinion about oneself
: he thinks himself very clever
(=considerarse) to have an opinion about oneself
se tiene por muy listo: he thinks himself very clever
(=poseer ciertas características) to have, to be
(=pasar por una experiencia) to have (an accident, a birthday)
(=actuar de una manera, comportarse de cierta forma) to behave, to be (more careful, more respectful, etc.)
Pronominal:
(=sostenerse algo con otra cosa) to stand upright, to stand firm
(=poseer ciertas características) to have, to be
(=pasar por una experiencia) to have (an accident, a birthday)
(=actuar de una manera, comportarse de cierta forma) to behave, to be (more careful, more respectful, etc.)
Pronominal:
(=sostenerse algo con otra cosa) to stand upright, to stand firm
+ que + INF (=reprochar algo a alguien) should have done something
! you should have called!
+ que + INF (=reprochar algo a alguien) should have done something
¡tendrías que haber llamado! you should have called!
(=estar obligado a hacer algo) to have to do something+ que + INF (=contar con una probabilidad) must
: you must be very tired after that long trip
(=estar obligado a hacer algo) to have to do something
+ que + INF (=contar con una probabilidad) must
tienes que estar muy cansado luego del largo viaje: you must be very tired after that long trip
(=sostener algo entre las manos, tomar algo) to hold, to take
(=recibir u obtener algo) to receive, to get
(=pensar o considerar algo) to see, to consider something
: to see fit to do something
(=sostener algo entre las manos, tomar algo) to hold, to take
(=recibir u obtener algo) to receive, to get
(=pensar o considerar algo) to see, to consider something
tener a bien hacer algo: to see fit to do something
(=padecer o sufrir algo) to haveI’ve had a lot of accidents in my life
(=padecer o sufrir algo) to have
he tenido muchos accidentes en mi vida: I’ve had a lot of accidents in my life
(=sentir hambre, calor, frió, etc.) to beI’m hungry
(=sentir hambre, calor, frió, etc.) to be
tengo hambre: I’m hungry
(=dar a luz un bebé) to have, to give birth to a baby
(=medir) to be (size)
: it is 5 cm wide
(=dar a luz un bebé) to have, to give birth to a baby
(=medir) to be (size)
tiene 5 cm de ancho: it is 5 cm wide
(=poseer una ocupación, obligación o actividad) to have
: I have karate lessons at eight
(=poseer una ocupación, obligación o actividad) to have
tengo clases de karate a las ocho: I have karate lessons at eight
(=contar con una determinada cantidad de años) to be (age)
? how old are you?
(=contar con una determinada cantidad de años) to be (age)
¿cuántos años tienes? how old are you?
Transitive:(=poseer algo o ser propietario de algo) to have, to have got, to own
: to hold all the winning cards
: to have sex
: to be successful
Transitive:
(=poseer algo o ser propietario de algo) to have, to have got, to own
tener todas las de ganar: to hold all the winning cards
tener relaciones sexuales: to have sex
tener éxito: to be successful
· ¡ ! / ¡ lo !, so, there you are!
· ¿ ?, fam so that’s how it is, that’s the way things are.
· ¡ahí tienes! / ¡ahí lo tienes!, so, there you are!
· ¿con que ésas tenemos?, fam so that’s how it is, that’s the way things are.
Imperativo: — no "yo" ten; ?? no tengas ?? tened; ?? tenga: ?? tengamos: tengan:
Imperativo: — no "yo" ten; ?? no tengas ?? tened; ?? tenga: ?? tengamos: tengan:
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo 2: hubiese tenido: hubieses tenido: hubiese tenido: hubiésemos tenido: hubiesen tenido:
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo 2: hubiese tenido: hubieses tenido: hubiese tenido: hubiésemos tenido: hubiesen tenido:
Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo 1: hubiera tenido: hubieras tenido: hubiera tenido: hubiéramos tenido: hubieran tenido:
past perfect synonyms: pretérito pluscuamperfecto definitions: A perfective tense used to express action completed in the past. Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo 1: hubiera tenido: hubieras tenido: hubiera tenido: hubiéramos tenido: hubieran tenido:
Perfecto de subjuntivo:
haya tenido: hayas tenido: haya tenido: hayamos tenido: hayan tenido:
Perfecto de subjuntivo: (subjunctive: A mood that represent an act or state (not as a fact but) as contingent or possible.) haya tenido: hayas tenido: haya tenido: hayamos tenido: hayan tenido:
Potencial compuesto: habría tenido: habrías tenido: habría tenido: habríamos tenido: habrían tenido:
Potencial compuesto: habría tenido: habrías tenido: habría tenido: habríamos tenido: habrían tenido:
Futuro perfecto: habré tenido: habrás tenido: habrá tenido: habremos tenido: habrán tenido:
Futuro perfecto: habré tenido: habrás tenido: habrá tenido: habremos tenido: habrán tenido: Futuro Future When To Use
The Future tense in Spanish is used to describe what will happen. In English the basic translation uses the word will:
Iré a la iglesia el domingo.
I will go to church on Sunday.
Estudiará arquitectura cuando sea grande.
She will study architecture when she grows up.
The future tense expresses wonder about something in the present.
¿De quien será esta lapicera? I wonder whose pen it is. ¿Será mi nieta la que llama a la puerta? Is my granddaughter at the door? The future can additionally be used to express probability about something in the present.
Estará comprando la cena He is probably buying dinner. Vendrá en auto. She is probably coming by car. The Future tense is used for: what will happen wonder about something in the present probability about something in the present Conjugation
To form the future of regular verbs in Spanish, add the following endings to the infinitive.
Regular verbs —é —emos —ás —éis —á —án For example:
Viajar
viajaré viajaremos
viajarás viajaréis
viajará viajarán
Rules
Most of the time when a question in English starts with will, it is a polite request. Often, this request is accompanied with please. A polite request using will is not the future tense in either language. To express willingness to do something, use the verb “querer”.
¿Quieres venir?
Will you come?, Will you please come?, Do you want to come?
¿Quieres bailar conmigo?
Will you dance with me?, Will you please dance with me?, Do you want to dance with me?
Another way to translate such a request uses the Conditional tense.
¿Te gustaría venir?
Would you come?, Would you please come?, Would you like to come?
¿Te gustaría bailar conmigo?
Would you dance with me?, Would you please dance with me?, Would you like to dance with me?
Most of the time, a question that starts with will does not signify the Future tense in English, therefore it does not necessitate the Future tense in Spanish.
Remember that in Spanish, the Present tense can be used to describe actions that will take place in the near future. This is unlike English because it is incorrect to translate the following two Spanish sentences literally.
Hoy a la noche salgo con amigas. Tonight I will go out with some friends. Me voy el año que viene. I will go away next year. In English, one might express the future by using to go. Much like this, Spanish can use the verb ir to describe plans or intentions for the future, or actions that will take place in the future. Both languages conjugate to go in the Present tense. In Spanish, add the particle a. For example the conjugation of ir with the particle a:
Using ir in the Present tense to express the future voy a vamos a vas a vais a va a van a Some example sentences follow.
Vamos a jugar al fútbol el domingo.
We are going to play football on Sunday.
Ellos van a viajar a Madrid la próxima semana.
They are going to travel to Madrid next week.
However, the future tense must be used for those actions that will take place further in the future. See these examples:
Me mudaré a fin de año. I will move out by the end of the year. Comenzaré a estudiar el mes que viene. I will start studying next month. Irregular Verbs
There are 12 main verbs in Spanish that are irregular in the future form, but only in the stem of the verb. The endings of these verbs remain the same as explained above. In the full conjugation, here is salir in the Future tense.
saldré saldremos saldrás saldréis saldrá saldrán Infinitive First Person Singular caber cabré decir diré haber habré hacer haré poder podré poner pondré querer querré saber sabré salir saldré tener tendré valer valdré venir vendré The compound verbs relating to these models behave the same way. Rehacer, prevaler, mantener, suponer, etc.
Pretérito anterior:
hube tenido:
hubimos tenido:
hubiste tenido:
hubo tenido:
hubieron tenido:
Pretérito anterior:
hube tenido:
hubimos tenido:
hubiste tenido:
hubo tenido:
hubieron tenido:
Pluscuamperfecto de indicativo: había tenido: habías tenido: había tenido: habíamos tenido: habían tenido:
Pluscuamperfecto de indicativo: había tenido: habías tenido: había tenido: habíamos tenido: habían tenido:
Perfecto de indicativo: he tenido: has tenido: ha tenido: hemos tenido: han tenido:
Perfecto de indicativo: he tenido: has tenido: ha tenido: hemos tenido: han tenido:
Gerundio: teniendo
Participio: tenido
Gerundio: teniendo: having
Participio: tenido: had
Gerundio: teniendo
Participio: tenido
Imperfecto de subjuntivo 2: tuviese: tuvieses: tuviese: tuviésemos: tuviesen:
Imperfecto de subjuntivo 2: tuviese: tuvieses: tuviese: tuviésemos: tuviesen: Subjuntivo Imperfecto Imperfect Subjunctive When To Use
In Spanish, the Imperfect tense of the Subjunctive can be used to express subjectivity or uncertainty in the past.
There are three main uses of the Imperfect Subjunctive:
It can be used in conditional sentences with an if clause (si…) and in sentences with the conjunction “como si” (as if…). Take a look at these examples:
Si fueras griego, sabrías bailar esta música.
If you were Greek, you’d know how to dance to this music.
Me habla como si fuera su abuela.
He talks to me as if I was his grandma.
It can be used to make very polite requests with the verbs “querer”, “deber” and “poder”. See these examples:
Quisiera beber una copa de champaña.
I would like to have a glass of champagne.
¿Pudiera usted acompañarme?
Could you possibly come with me?
The Imperfect Subjunctive can be used in Spanish to express uncertainty or subjectivity in the past. The same verbs and expressions are used as in the Perfect Subjunctive. However, for the Imperfect Subjunctive to occur, it needs a verb in the main clause that is in the Preterite, Imperfect, Conditional, or Pluperfect. Take a look at the examples to understand this more clearly:
Preferiría que ella no viniera.
I’d rather her not to come.
Pasaría un verano allí si tú estuvieras conmigo.
I would spend a summer there if you were with me.
Pensó en llevarme para que yo comprara los boletos.
She thought about taking me so I’d buy the tickets.
In the first sentence, there is a Conditional in the main clause (preferiría).
In the second sentence, there is again a Conditional in the main clause (pasaría).
In the third sentence, there is a Preterite indicative in the main sentence (pensó).
The Imperfect Subjunctive is used for:
conditional sentences with an if clause (si…) and in sentences with the conjunction “como si”
to make very polite requests
to express uncertainty or subjectivity in the past.
Conjugation of verbs in the Imperfect Subjunctive
Regular, Irregular and stem-changing verbs are conjugated in the Imperfect Subjunctive in this way:
First, note that the Imperfect Subjunctive in Spanish present two sets of conjugations: the –ra ending, and the –se ending. The –ra ending is slightly more colloquial, while the –se ending is a bit more formal.
Take the third person plural in Preterite of any verb, drop the ending –ron, and add one of the following endings to the stem:
–ra ending —ra —´ramos —ras —rais —ra —ran –se ending —se —´semos —ses —seis —se —sen Note that the first person plural takes an accent in the last vowel of the stem.
See an example conjugated in the Imperfect Subjunctive:
Me pidieron que fuera (o fuese) el padrino de su hijo.
They asked me to be their son’s Godfather.
Me gustaría que tuvieras (o tuvieses) tiempo para leer mi artículo.
I would like you to have time to read my article.
Remember that the same phrases used in the Present Subjunctive can be used with the Imperfect Subjunctive:
es preferible que it is preferable that es probable que it is likely that es raro que it is rare that es ridículo que it is ridiculous that See the complete list of Subjunctive phrases.