FOAM Flashcards
This method of extinguishment stops or reduces the generation and release of flammable vapors
Suppressing
This method of extinguishment prevents air from mixing with flammable vapors being giving off
Smothering
This method of extinguishment will reduce the tendency of the flame to boil thus giving of less vapors
Separates
This method of extinguishment will _______ the water content of the foam cools the fuel further reducing vapor generation , it also extinguishes burning class A materials in the spill area and cools adjacent metal surfaces such a as the tank wall s
Cools
Fluroprotein foam characteristics
Particularly effective when foam becomes coated with fuel
Good when plunging stream into fuel or when subsurface injection
Provides slow drainage stable blanket and resist breakdown
Ability to adhere to metal surface preventing gaps
Permits operating forces to enter blanket area with caution for rescue search and overhauling. Foam shall be applied continuously when entering blanket
Effective on reformulated gasoline (RFG) WHICH CONTAIN 20% MTBE also effective on gasohol contains up to 10 % ethanol.
Not suitable for polar solvents fuels nor is it effective on pure MTBE
COMPATIBLE WITH DRY CHEMICAL
can be used with fresh and salt water
Most widely used concentrate in dept
Alcohol resistant fluroprotein foam ( fluropolydol)
Superior for both hydrocarbon fuels (gasoline fuel oils) as well as polar solvent
3% rate on hydrocarbons
6% rate on polar solvents
Preferred foam to use if entry into blanket must be made and apply continuously when members enter
Excellent resistance against wind and water spray
Excellent fuel shedding and good sealing against hot metal surfaces
Has pour point of 5 degrees F assure use in nearly all weather
Extremely corrosive to brass aluminum and plain steel must not be pored into long term storage containers made of steel or plastic
Aqueous Film forming foam (AFFF)
Spreads rapidly over surface leading to faster knockdown
Can be used through standard fog nozzle where reach of stream is consideration
Rapid drainage and poor resistance to flashback and burn back
Not suitable for reformulated gas ,gasohol or polar solvents it use restricted to hydrocarbon fuels that do not contain polar additives ( excelled t for fuel oil ,kerosene and jet fuel,
Should not be used for subsurface injection
Has trouble sealing against metal
Wind and water spray and extended burn times affects stability of blanket
FDNY only has in extinguisher
If you see a foam concentrate with a brown band around the container it is what those of foam
Fluoroprotein
Green band for foam
Alcohol
Yellow band on foam container means
Hi-expansion
Black band on foam means
AFFF
Foam concentrate compatibility
Mixing of different foam concentrates Muat be avoided at all costs
Even two different brands of same type of concentrate
May apply two different types of finished ff foam at incident ( such as a airplane crash) if ffs enter a foam blanket at airport where PAPD USED AFFF foam , fluroprotein or alcohol resistant foam must be applied before ff enter blanket
Modern foams may be used with dry chemical
Dry chemical must be used when extinguishing 3d fire when fuel is dropping down (apply in conjunction with foam )
If premixing fluroprotein foam in a 550 gallon pumper you would need _____ 5-gallon cans of concentrate and _____ 5-gallon cans for 750 gallon pumper
3 for 500 gallon
4 for 750 gallon
Produces 3 percent solution
Only used when foam inducted can not be placed in op
Pumper being used should not connect to hydrant
Handlines using foam inductor
In-line eductors most common way To utilize foam
Very useful at small operation which is considered oil burner with fire outside pit , gas pump knocked down ,car fire with ruptured gas tank or small spill ~660 sq ft
A medium sized flammable/combustible liquid situation is considered
A spill over 600 sq ft (up to 2000 sq ft )
Tanker truck mishap
Loaded rack incident
Self enducting nozzles usefull
Large flammable/combustible liquid spills are
Over 2000 sq ft
Oil tank farms
Large capacity tank truck that has spilled product
Master stream nozzles used
Ladde companies are required to carry how Many cans of 5 gallon flouroprotein
2 cans that are used by engines
Plus carry AFFF in can
Engine companies must carry how many cans of 5 gallon flouroprotein foam
At least 3 five gallon cans
First alarm assignment companies carry how much foam
65 gallons Up to 3 foam Handlines 13 cans ~ 22 min operation Usefull for small spill ~ 600 sq ft
NFPA recommends 15 min supply of foam concentrate on hand for spill fires
Foam depots
Stock 50 five gallon of all foams except. AFFF
Use to replenish supplies at conclusion of incident or to augment supplies at ongoing incident
Not preferred method to resupply at ongoing incident
Foam carrier apparatus
Pumpers specially outfitted for foam ops
Carry no water
Booster tank filled with 1000 gallons of fluroprotein or ALCHOL resistant fluoroprotien foam
Per connected 310 GPM foam deck pipe
Portable inductors for foam cans
10 lengths of 3 1/2
7500 CFM HI EX FOAM GENERATOR
5 five gallons of hi ex and 5 ALCHOL resistant
Max 2 members including chauffeur
Excellent attack units on med scale flammable and combustible liquid incidents( overturned gas tanker)
Uses of FOAM CARRIER
- Augment the supply of concentrate being used by first alarm units
- Provide additional attack capability with their foam deck and or hand lines
- Pumper concentrate from booster tanks to FIMM on satellite or into booster tanks of foam carrier or tender supplying FIMM
- Or using angus ground mounted foam cannons and portable 600 gallon folding reservoirs
Excellent for med scale flammable and combustible liquid incidents
Must be supplies with water preferable with another engine with operating hydrant
IC should stretch supply line prior to arrival of foam carrier
Supply line should have extra hose for repositioning
Foam carrier is being used for direct fire attack with water supplied to its pumps it cannot pump concentrate to other units
Satellite units
- 2000 GPM pumper provide the proportions go fiction through their FIMM when concentrate pumped through it
- Satellite apparatus provides larges capacity nozzles both 500 GPM and 1000 GPM aerating foam nozzles
500 GPM may be placed on any 2 1/2 appliance including TL
1000 GPM can be used on sat monitor or with special adapters on TL ( sat carry adapters and wrenches ) - Sat carry 7400 com high expansion foam generators
- Also carry approximately 32.. 5 gallons cans of hi ex
Foam tender
Transports 3000 gallons of concentrate (3 separate 1000 gallo compartment all containing fluroprotein foam) Purpose to pump concentrate 1: to FIMMS on sat 2. To foam carrier 3. To folding reservoir
General considerations at flammable/combustible liquid incidents
Position apparatus upwind and uphill ID product Transmit 10-80 Ensure correct foam present Stretch foam handline and put into op if 1. Product on fire 2. Dealing with flammable liquid 3. Personnel going to work in area 4. Product causes exposure problem
Eliminate al sources of ignition starting with downwind and downhill
Evacuate as described in dot emergency guide book
Fire in a confined area . Tanks,pits
- If sufficient freeboard on interior of tank direct stream against side or back of the burning area
- If top of container is close to ground and there is little or no freeboard inside the tank the stream should be directed at the ground in front of tank in such a manner as to bounce the foam onto the burning surface
Enough foam must be on scene before start op
3: if tank is full must remove some product ..ensure product level is within 5 feet of top …apply foam in “window “ which is area in plume on UPWIND side of tank
The spill is contained and not flowing
- Direct foam on the ground ahead of fire in such a manner as to bOunce foam onto fire (widest pattern at lowest velocity)
- Try and deflect stream against something and allow foam to slide down
- If above methods are not possible than direct foam skyward in slow back and forth motion allowing foam to fall as gently as possible over the surface
