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Zak, Embryology > Final: Vascular Development > Flashcards

Final: Vascular Development Flashcards

1
Q

The hematopoietic lineage is influenced by _____.

A

Runx-1

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2
Q

The endothelial lineage is influenced by _____.

A

Hoxa-3

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3
Q

When does hematopoiesis begin in the liver?

A

Weeks 5-6 of gestation

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4
Q

What is the pathway of hematopoiesis in the fetus?

A

Primitive streak–>Yolk sac–>Fetal liver–>Bone marrow

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5
Q

T/F: Yolk sac RBCs are non-nucleated.

A

False, Liver RBCs are non-nucleated. Yolk sac RBCs have large nuclei

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6
Q

When does blood cell formation switch to bone marrow and what controls the switch?

A

Month 6

Cortisol

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7
Q 
What are the types of chains in the 4 hemoglobin stages in humans?
Early (Gower 1)?
Early (Gower 2)?
Fetal?
Adult?
A

Early (Gower 1): zeta/epislon
Early (Gower 2): alpha/epsilon
Fetal: alpha/gamma
Adult: alpha/beta

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8
Q 
What are the types of chains in the 4 hemoglobin stages in humans?
Early (Gower 1)?
Early (Gower 2)?
Fetal?
Adult?
A

Early (Gower 1): zeta/epislon
Early (Gower 2): alpha/epsilon
Fetal: alpha/gamma
Adult: alpha/beta

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9
Q

What is vasculogenesis?

A

Recruitment of angioblasts

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10
Q

VEGFR-2 appears on _____, while VEGF-A appears on _____

A

Membrane surfaces.

Surrounding mesenchyme

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11
Q

Angiopoietin-1 & Tie-2 and Notch signaling pathways contribute to _____.

A

Sprouting

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12
Q

What stimulates immigration of mesenchymal cells to build a vascular wall?

A

Platelet-derived growth factor

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13
Q

Signaling for arteries to differentiate involves which signaling pathways?

A

Shh & Notch

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14
Q

What ligand is expressed in developing arteries?

A

Ephrin-B2

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15
Q

What ligand is expressed in developing veins?

A

Eph-B4

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16
Q

The venous pathway is initiated via _____.

A

COUP-TFII

17
Q

The lymphatics require _____ followed by _____.

A

Sox-18.

Prox-1

18
Q

Which pair of aortic arches form the internal carotids?

A

Third

19
Q

Which pair of aortic arches become associated with the pulmonary system?

A

Sixth

20
Q

Which aortic arch in mammals forms the adult aortic arch?

A

Fourth

21
Q

Which aortic arch in mammals forms the adult aortic arch?

A

Fourth

22
Q

Which cardinal veins form the internal jugulars?

A

Anterior cardinals

23
Q

How is blood from the head drained?

A

Right cardinal vein–>Superior vena cava

24
Q

How is blood from the head drained?

A

Right cardinal vein–>Superior vena cava

25
Q

The inferior vena cava is built from remnants of…?

A

Vitelline vein, Subcardinals, Supracardinals, & Iliacs

Zak, Embryology (25 decks)

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