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Zak, Embryology > Final: Chapter Questions > Flashcards

Final: Chapter Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Neural crest-derived cells constitute a significant component of which tissue of the eye?

A

Cornea

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2
Q

The otic placode arises through an inductive message given off by the?

A

Rhombencephalon

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3
Q

What molecule plays a role in guidance of advancing retinal axons through the optic nerve?

A

Pax-2

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4
Q

Surface ectoderm is induced to become corneal epithelium by an inductive event originating in the?

A

Lens vesicle

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5
Q

What extracellular matrix molecule is often associated with migrations of mesenchymal cells, and where does such an event occur in the developing eye?

A

Hyaluronic acid.

Occurs int he primary corneal stroma

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6
Q

Which of the following is caused by failure of the choroid fissure to close during the 6th week of pregnancy?

A

Colobomo

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7
Q

A 15-year-old boy with mild acne developed a tender boil along the anterior border of the SCM muscle. What embryological condition would e included in a differential diagnosis?

A

Branchial cyst

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8
Q

The facial nerve supplies muscles derived from which pharyngeal arch?

A

Second

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9
Q

Cleft lip results from lack of fusion of the…?

A

Nasomedial & maxillary processes

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10
Q

In cases of holoprosencephaly, defects of facial structures are typically secondary to defects of the…?

A

Forebrain

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11
Q

Meckel’s cartilage is a prominent structure in the early formation of the…?

A

Lower jaw

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12
Q

An early induction in tooth development consists of the ectoderm of the dental epithelium acting on the underlying neural crest mesenchyme. Which of the following molecules is an important mediator of the inductive stimulus?

A

BMP-4

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13
Q

Why does a person sometimes get a runny nose while crying?

A

Secretions of lacrimal glands enter nasolacrimal ducts carrying lacrimal fluid into the nasal cavity

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14
Q

Which of the following does not connect directly with the primary nephric (mesonephric) duct?

A

Metanephros

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15
Q

Which association is correct?

A

GDNF & metanephrogenic blastema

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16
Q

Which defect is strongly associated with oligohydramnios?

A

Renal agenesis

17
Q

Which anomaly is most closely associated with exstrophy of the bladder?

A

Epispadias

18
Q

The uterus arises from the…?

A

Paramesonephric ducts

19
Q

The floor of the penile urethra in them ale is homologous to what structure in the female?

A

Labia minora

20
Q

The metanephrogenic blastema is induced by the…?

A

Ureteric bud

21
Q

Drops of yellowish fluid were observed around the umbilicus of a young infant. what is a likely diagnosis, and what is the embryological basis?

A

Urachal fistula

22
Q

A woman who gained relatively little weight during pregnancy gives birth to an infant with large, low-set ears, a flattened nose, and wide interpupillary space. Within hours after birth, the infant is in distress and dies after 2 days. What is the diagnosis?

A

Bilateral renal agenesis

23
Q

The internal carotid artery arises from aortic arch number…?

A

3

24
Q

What is the embryological basis for a duplication of the inferior vena cava caudal to the kidneys?

A

Persistence of caudal segment of left supracardinal vein

25
Q

Nucleated erythrocytes found circulating in the embryo are produced in the…?

A

Yolk sac

26
Q

In a 7-month fetus, blood draining the left temporalis muscle enters the heart via the…?

A

Superior vena cava

27
Q

Adherons are inductive particles released by what structure int eh endocardial cushion area?

A

Myocardium

28
Q

Neural crest contributes to the structure of which of the following?

A

All of the above

Truncus arteriosus, Ascending aorta, Pulmonary trunk

29
Q

For which of these cardiovascular malformations is a patent ductus arteriosus necessary for survival of the individual?

A

None of the above

30
Q

Five days after birth, an infant becomes cyanotic during a prolonged crying spell. The cyanosis is most likely caused by venous blood entering the systemic circulation through the…?

A

Interatrial septum

31
Q

The internal carotid artery arises from aortic arch number…?

A

3

Zak, Embryology (25 decks)

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