Development of Head/Neck III

Question 1

The outside of the pharyngeal arch is covered with _____.

Answer 1

Ectoderm

Question 2

The inside of the pharyngeal arch is covered with _____.

Answer 2

Endoderm

Question 3

FGF-8 induces pharyngeal arch formation and is induced by _____.

Answer 3

Tbx-1

Question 4

What muscles arise from pharyngeal arch III?

Answer 4

Stylopharyngeus

Question 5

What skeletal structures arise from pharyngeal arch III?

Answer 5

Greater part of hyoid, part of body of hyoid

Question 6

The mandibular arch is associated with the _____ nerve.

Answer 6

Trigeminal

Question 7

V3 mostly innervates _____, while the rest is sensory.

Answer 7

Muscles of mastication

Question 8

Meckel’s cartilage arises from pharyngeal arch _____.

Answer 8

1

Question 9

The hyoid arch is associated with the _____ nerve.

Answer 9

Facial

Question 10

Reichert’s cartilage & muscles of facial expression arise from pharyngeal arch _____.

Answer 10

2

Question 11

Reichert’s cartilage & muscles of facial expression arise from pharyngeal arch _____.

Answer 11

2

Question 12

The 3rd & 4th pharyngeal arches are associated with the _____ & _____ nerves.

Answer 12

Glossopharyngeal & vagus

Question 13

The tympanic cavity of the middle ear & the auditory tube are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

Answer 13

First

Question 14

The fossa for palatine tonsils are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

Answer 14

Second

Question 15

The inferior parathyroids & thymus are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

Answer 15

Third

Question 16

The inferior parathyroids arise due to high concentrations of _____.

Answer 16

Shh

Question 17

The thymus arises due to high concentrations of _____.

Answer 17

BMP-4

Question 18

The superior parathyroids & postbranchial body are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

Answer 18

Fourth

Question 19

The superior parathyroids & postbranchial body are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

Answer 19

Fourth

Question 20

What is derived from between the first and second pairs of pharyngeal arches?

Answer 20

Thyroid gland

Question 21

The thyroid diverticulum persists as a small pit at the base of the tongue called the _____.

Answer 21

Foramen cecum

Question 22

What is stimulated by BMP-4 & FGF-8 from the floor of the diencephalon?

Answer 22

Rathke’s pouch

Question 23

The inner layer of the cup (of Rathke’s pouch) forms the _____.

Answer 23

Pars intermedia

Question 24

The outer layer of the cup (of Rathke’s pouch) forms the _____.

Answer 24

Anterior pituitary

Question 25

The foramen cecum is located between the _____ & the _____.

Answer 25

Tuberculum impar.

Copula

Question 26

What are the primordia of the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the tongue?

Answer 26

Anterior=Lateral lingual swellings
Middle=Tuberculum impar
Posterior=Copula

Question 27

What is the term for a small mandible?

Answer 27

Micrognathia

Question 28

What is the term for failure of the lower jaw to form?

Answer 28

Agnathia

Question 29

What is an autosomal dominant condition caused by TCOF1 gene that reduces the population of neural crest cells in the first pharyngeal arch.

Answer 29

Treacher Collins syndrome

Question 30

What is the term for an opening closed at one end and open to the pharynx or outside at the other end?

Answer 30

Sinus

Question 31

What is the term for a tube that is open at both ends?

Answer 31

Fistula

Question 32

What is an enclosed cavity that was probably part of a pharyngeal pouch, groove, or cervical sinus?

Answer 32

Cyst

Question 33

What is an enclosed cavity that was probably part of a pharyngeal pouch, groove, or cervical sinus?

Answer 33

Cyst

Question 34

What condition is a malformation of the tongue characterized by subnormal regression of the frenulum?

Answer 34

Ankyloglossia

Question 35

What is caused by failure of differentiation of the thymus and parathyroid glands and results in cranial neural crest deficiency?

Answer 35

DiGeorge’s syndrome