Development of Head/Neck III Flashcards

1
Q

The outside of the pharyngeal arch is covered with _____.

A

Ectoderm

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2
Q

The inside of the pharyngeal arch is covered with _____.

A

Endoderm

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3
Q

FGF-8 induces pharyngeal arch formation and is induced by _____.

A

Tbx-1

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4
Q

What muscles arise from pharyngeal arch III?

A

Stylopharyngeus

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5
Q

What skeletal structures arise from pharyngeal arch III?

A

Greater part of hyoid, part of body of hyoid

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6
Q

The mandibular arch is associated with the _____ nerve.

A

Trigeminal

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7
Q

V3 mostly innervates _____, while the rest is sensory.

A

Muscles of mastication

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8
Q

Meckel’s cartilage arises from pharyngeal arch _____.

A

1

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9
Q

The hyoid arch is associated with the _____ nerve.

A

Facial

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10
Q

Reichert’s cartilage & muscles of facial expression arise from pharyngeal arch _____.

A

2

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11
Q

Reichert’s cartilage & muscles of facial expression arise from pharyngeal arch _____.

A

2

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12
Q

The 3rd & 4th pharyngeal arches are associated with the _____ & _____ nerves.

A

Glossopharyngeal & vagus

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13
Q

The tympanic cavity of the middle ear & the auditory tube are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

A

First

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14
Q

The fossa for palatine tonsils are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

A

Second

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15
Q

The inferior parathyroids & thymus are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

A

Third

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16
Q

The inferior parathyroids arise due to high concentrations of _____.

A

Shh

17
Q

The thymus arises due to high concentrations of _____.

A

BMP-4

18
Q

The superior parathyroids & postbranchial body are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

A

Fourth

19
Q

The superior parathyroids & postbranchial body are derivatives of the _____ pharyngeal pouch.

A

Fourth

20
Q

What is derived from between the first and second pairs of pharyngeal arches?

A

Thyroid gland

21
Q

The thyroid diverticulum persists as a small pit at the base of the tongue called the _____.

A

Foramen cecum

22
Q

What is stimulated by BMP-4 & FGF-8 from the floor of the diencephalon?

A

Rathke’s pouch

23
Q

The inner layer of the cup (of Rathke’s pouch) forms the _____.

A

Pars intermedia

24
Q

The outer layer of the cup (of Rathke’s pouch) forms the _____.

A

Anterior pituitary

25
Q

The foramen cecum is located between the _____ & the _____.

A

Tuberculum impar.

Copula

26
Q

What are the primordia of the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the tongue?

A

Anterior=Lateral lingual swellings
Middle=Tuberculum impar
Posterior=Copula

27
Q

What is the term for a small mandible?

A

Micrognathia

28
Q

What is the term for failure of the lower jaw to form?

A

Agnathia

29
Q

What is an autosomal dominant condition caused by TCOF1 gene that reduces the population of neural crest cells in the first pharyngeal arch.

A

Treacher Collins syndrome

30
Q

What is the term for an opening closed at one end and open to the pharynx or outside at the other end?

A

Sinus

31
Q

What is the term for a tube that is open at both ends?

A

Fistula

32
Q

What is an enclosed cavity that was probably part of a pharyngeal pouch, groove, or cervical sinus?

A

Cyst

33
Q

What is an enclosed cavity that was probably part of a pharyngeal pouch, groove, or cervical sinus?

A

Cyst

34
Q

What condition is a malformation of the tongue characterized by subnormal regression of the frenulum?

A

Ankyloglossia

35
Q

What is caused by failure of differentiation of the thymus and parathyroid glands and results in cranial neural crest deficiency?

A

DiGeorge’s syndrome