Fats and Other Lipids Flashcards

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1
Q

what are lipids made up of

A

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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2
Q

what are the functions of fats

A

store energy long term, insolation, membrane structure, hormones, vitamins, phospholipids

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3
Q

what are the 4 types of fats

A

plant fats, animal fats, phospholipids and sterols

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4
Q

what is a sterol

A

4 carbon ring structure with varying carbon chain attachments

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5
Q

what are the main components of a fat

A

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

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6
Q

how can lipids become more soluble in water

A

phospholipids or emulsion

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7
Q

whats emulsion

A

droplet of one liquid that is suspended in another

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8
Q

how much of body composition is made up of proteins

A

23%

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9
Q

whats a protein

A

an extremely large molecule made up of many amino acids

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10
Q

what are proteins composed of

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur

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11
Q

what are the 8 main functions of proteins

A

structural, regulatroy, contraciton, transport, proetctive, buffers, enzymes and energy

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12
Q

what do buffers do

A

help control the acidity of the body

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13
Q

what are amino acids

A

building blocks or proteins

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14
Q

how many different kinds of amino acids are there

A

20

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15
Q

how many amino acids can humans make on their own and what are these called

A

12 out of 20, these are called necessary nutrients

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16
Q

whats the chemical formula for an amine group

A

NH2

17
Q

what holds amino acids together to make a protein

A

peptide bonds

18
Q

what enzyme breaks down peptide bonds to separate amino acids

A

peptidase

19
Q

what is a dipeptide

A

2 amino acids bonded together

20
Q

what is a polypeptide

A

greater then 2 amino acids bonded together

21
Q

what is deamination

A

break down of amino acids and the removal of NH2

22
Q

what occurs in the digestive track to break down a protein

A

enzymatic hydrolysis

23
Q

what causes the denaturation of proteins

A

temperature, pH, chemicals

24
Q

what is denaturation of proteins

A

the unfolding of the protein chain that causes it to lose its 3D sturcture

25
Q

what does denaturation do to proteins

A

inactivates them