Diffusion and Osmosis

Question 1

define diffusion

Answer 1

the movment of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 2

define solute

Answer 2

the substance that dissolves in the solvent

Question 3

define solvent

Answer 3

the solution that does the dissolving

Question 4

define concentration

Answer 4

the amount of solute in relation to the solvent

Question 5

define the concentration gradient

Answer 5

difference between areas of high concentration and areas of low concentration

Question 6

define permeable

Answer 6

a thin material that allows liquids or gasses to pass through

Question 7

define semi-permeable

Answer 7

a membrane that allows certain substances to pass through but not others, based on the size of the particle

Question 8

define selectively permeable

Answer 8

a membrane with the ability to differentiate between different types of molecules so that it only lets some particles through but blocks others from entering the cell

Question 9

what’s the difference between a semi-permeable and a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 9

selectively permeable chooses with particles to let through where size is irrelevant, whereas semi permeable just lets particles through based on size

Question 10

define hypertonic

Answer 10

a solution that has a higher concentration of solute than another solution

Question 11

define hypotonic

Answer 11

a solution that has a lower concentration of solute than another solution

Question 12

define isotonic

Answer 12

a solution that has the same amoutn of concentraiton of another solution

Question 13

define osmosis

Answer 13

the diffusion of water thorugh a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher water cocnentration to an area of lower water concentration

Question 14

define the osmotic gradient

Answer 14

difference in concentration between two solutions

Question 15

define osmotic pressure

Answer 15

pressure that would have to be applied to a pure solvent to prevent it from passing into a given solution by osmosis

Question 16

define turgor pressure

Answer 16

the force developed by a fluid in a turgid cell as a result of endosmosis that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall

Question 17

define active transport

Answer 17

a method of transporting material that requires the addition of energy ot the system

Question 18

define exocytosis

Answer 18

process where substances from inside the cell are encased in a vesicle to remove them from the cell

Question 19

define endocytosis

Answer 19

process where cell substances from outside of the cell are encased in a vesicle in order to bring them into the cell

Question 20

define phagocytosis

Answer 20

process where cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle and bring it into the cell

Question 21

define pinocytosis

Answer 21

process where cell takes in fluids containing small dissolved molecules

Question 22

define endosmosis

Answer 22

movment of solvent into the cell

Question 23

define exosmosis

Answer 23

movement of solvent out of the cell