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Biology 20 > Digestive System Quiz > Flashcards

Digestive System Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

whats excretion

A

a material leaving the body that was once part of the living tissue of the organism

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2
Q

whats egestion

A

a material leaving the body that is in the form of undigested food that has never entered the tissues of the body

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3
Q

what are the 2 main processes of digestion

A

mechanical and chemical

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4
Q

where does the digestion of carbohydrates start

A

in the mouth

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5
Q

whats the pH range of the mouth

A

6-7.4

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6
Q

what are the 3 pairs of salivary glands

A

parotid gland, sublingual and submaxillary

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7
Q

what’s the makeup of saliva

A

99% water, 1% amylase

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8
Q

whats amylase

A

enzyme that breaks down amylose through enzymatic hydrolysis

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9
Q

whats the uvula

A

tissue hanging at the back of the mouth that tips when you swallow to help block the entrance to the nasal passage

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10
Q

whats the purpose of teeth

A

to mechanically grind and break down food and allow for more surface area for better breaking down by enzymes

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11
Q

whats the roof of the mouth called

A

palate

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12
Q

what are the 2 types of palates and where are they located

A

hard palate in the front and soft palate in the back

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13
Q

whats the epiglottis

A

flap of tissue which closes the trachea during swallowing so that the food doesn’t enter your respiratory track

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14
Q

what happens if the epiglottis malfunctions

A

you have a cough reflex to help unblock the trachea, but if this doesn’t work you will begin choking

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15
Q

what does the esophagus do

A

carry food to the stomach

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16
Q

what does the trachea do

A

carries air to your lungs

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17
Q

what’s the other name for your trachea

A

windpipe

18
Q

what’s the purpose of saliva

A

it softens and moistens food as well as helps to form bolus

19
Q

what is bolus

A

chewed up food that is ready to be swallowed

20
Q

what is the summary of food processing

A

ingestion, digestion, absorption, egestion

21
Q

whats the esophagus

A

a muscular collapsable tube that carries food down to the stomach

22
Q

how does the esophagus transport food to the stomach

A

by secreting mucus without enzymes and using peristalsis

23
Q

where is the stomach located

A

below the diaphragm toward the left side of the abdomen

24
Q

what are the 3 layers of smooth involuntary within the stomach called

A

longitudinal, circular, and oblique

25
Q

whats the stomach

A

sac made up of many different muscles that can expand to hold a greater quantity of undigested food

26
Q

whats peristalsis in the esophagus

A

muscular contractions that move bolus down to the stomach

27
Q

whats peristalsis in the stomach

A

muscular contractions that help to mix the gastric juices with food

28
Q

whats rugae

A

many wrinkles or ridges in the wall of the stomach

29
Q

what’s the purpose of rugae

A

to increase the surface area, ability to stretch and the gastric pits within the internal part of the stomach

30
Q

whats the active form of pepsinogen

A

pepsin

31
Q

whats the inactive form of pepsin

A

pepsinogen

32
Q

what does hydrochloric acid do

A

converts pepsinogen to pepsin within the substance

33
Q

whats HCL

A

acid within the stomach

34
Q

whats pepsin

A

active enzyme that breaks down proteins in food

35
Q

what does the stomach digest

A

proteins and lipids

36
Q

where does protein digestion begin

A

in the stomach

37
Q

whats chyme

A

food that has left the pyloric valve

38
Q

whats rennin

A

enzyme that helps to digests proteins found within milk

39
Q

whats gastric lipase do

A

breaks triglycerides into 3 fatty acids and glycerol

40
Q

whats a fat called

A

triglyceride

Biology 20 (31 decks)

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