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Biology 20 > Blood Quiz > Flashcards

Blood Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

What is blood

A

connective tissue with liquid matrix

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2
Q

what is the liquid portion of blood called

A

plasma

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3
Q

where are formed elements of blood suspended in

A

plasma

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4
Q

What are the 3 formed elements of blood

A

red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells leucocytes), platelets (thrombocytes)

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5
Q

what is plasma made up of

A

92% water, inorganic ions, vitamins, hormones, protein molecules

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6
Q

What are some examples of inorganic ions within plasma

A

phosphate, calcium, chlorine

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7
Q

What does serum albumin do

A

maintains osmotic pressure of blood

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8
Q

What does serum globulins do

A

acts as antibodies for use in defence against disease

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9
Q

what does fibrinogen do

A

acts in the clotting of the blood

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10
Q

whats the remaining fluid in the blood plasma called

A

blood serum

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11
Q

what are red blood cells

A

disc shaped bioconcabe cells without nuclei

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12
Q

Where are red blood cells produced

A

in red bone marrow

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13
Q

whats the technical term for red blood cells

A

erythrocytes

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14
Q

what do red blood cells do

A

transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

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15
Q

what is red blood cell reproduction diriect by

A

oxygen levels

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16
Q

whawt does any condition that lowers blood oxygen levels cause

A

an increase in the rate of erythropoiesis

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17
Q

whats erythropoiesesis

A

red blood cell formation

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18
Q

whats anemia and what does it do

A

deficiency in hemoglobin or red blood cells that decreases oxygen delivery to the tissues

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19
Q

how much blood can be lost before the body is incapable of coping

A

40%

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20
Q

what is hemorrhaging and what can it cuase

A

internal bleeding; anemia

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21
Q

what are the 5 different tyupes of white blood cells

A

neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, and eosinophil

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22
Q

What’s the technical name for white blood cells

A

leukocytes

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23
Q

Where are most leukocytes found?

A

in the lymphatic system

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24
Q

what do leukocytes do

A

help defend the body against disease

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25
Q

What happens when severe infection is present

A

number of leukocytes increase

26
Q

whats pus

A

accumlation of living and dead leukocytes

27
Q

what do lymphoctyes do

A

give rise to cells htat produce antibodies to destroy foreign substances that act as anitgens

28
Q

whats leukemia

A

a cancerous disease of the blood-forming organs

29
Q

whats teh technical name for platelts

A

thrombocytes

30
Q

how are platelts produced

A

from large nuceated cells in the bone marrow

31
Q

do platelets contain a nucleus

A

no

32
Q

how do platelts work

A

they move thorugh the smooth blood vessels but rupture if they strike a sharp edge caused by a cut and then initiate the clotting reaciton

33
Q

what happens when the platelt breaks apart

A

releases a protein called thromboplastin

34
Q

what does thromboplastin do

A

activate a plasma protein called prothrombin

35
Q

what happens to prothrombin

A

it transfroms to thrombin under the influecne of thromboplastin

36
Q

what does thrombin do

A

acts as an enzyme by splicing 2 amino acids from the fibrinogen molecule

37
Q

what is fibrinogen converted to

A

fibrin threads

38
Q

what do fibrin threads do

A

Wrap around the damaged area and seal the puncture in the skin with a clot

39
Q

What is the summary of the clotting

A

Thromboplastin is released from platelet which converts prothrombin into thrombin which then converts fibrinogen into fibrin in the presence of calcium ions

40
Q

what anitgen is in blood type A

A

A antigen

41
Q

what anitgen is in blood type B

A

B antigben

42
Q

what antigen is in blood type AB

A

A and B antigens

43
Q

what antigen is in blood type O

A

there are no antigens

44
Q

what antibodies are present in the plasma of blood type A

A

b antibodies

45
Q

what antibodies are present in the palsma of blood type B

A

a antibofdies

46
Q

what antiboides are present in the plasma of blood type AB

A

there are no antibodies present

47
Q

what antibodies are present in the plasma of blood type O

A

a and b antibodies

48
Q

who can blood type A donate to

A

types A and AB

49
Q

who can blood type B donate too

A

types B and AB

50
Q

who can blood type AB donate to

A

AB

51
Q

who can blood type O donate to

A

A, B, AB, O

52
Q

who can blood type A recieve from

A

A, O

53
Q

who can blood type B receive from

A

B, O

54
Q

who can blood tyep AB receive from

A

A, B, AB, O

55
Q

who can blood type O receive from

A

O

56
Q

what are antibodies

A

soemthign you will produce in response to something that’s foreign in the boddy

57
Q

whats the universal donor

A

blood type O

58
Q

whats the universal receiver

A

blood type AB

59
Q

What does rhesus factor do

A

Make the blood type + or - (positive if Rh is present, negative if Rh is not present)

60
Q

whats an antigen

A

Substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it

Biology 20 (31 decks)

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