Exam 4: Moraxellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Bordetella Flashcards
What is the pathogenic species of veterinary importance in the family Moraxellaceae?
M. bovis
What does M. bovis cause?
Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis or “pinkeye” in cattle
What is M. bovis a commensal organism of?
Nasopharynx and conjunctiva of cattle
What is the pathogenesis of M. bovis?
Type 4 fimbriae mediate adherence and colonization to corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells
What is require for the virulence of M/ bovis?
RTX cytotoxin
What can M. bovis be isolated on and what does it produce?
Blood agar and it produces a narrow zone of beta hemolysis
What is used to treat pinkeye in cattle?
Oxytetracycline and florfenicol
What should be done in outbreak situations of M. bovis?
Add chloretetracycline to feed for at least 30 days
What family is considered to be the ultimate opportunist?
Pseudomonadaceae, more specifically P. aeruginosa
What does P. aeruginosa produce?
Pyocyanin, a green pigment that reacts with oxygen to form toxic radicals
What does P. aeurginosa almost always depend on to cause disease?
A defect in normal host defense mechanisms
What is P. aeurginosa a common cause of?
Wound abscesses, UTI infections, and eye infections
Why is the pathogenesis of P. aeuroginosa complex?
Because the organism is invasive, toxinogeic, and endowed with multiple virulence factors
What are the virulence factors of P. aeuroginosa?
Surface slime Type 3 secretion system Proteases Fimbriae Antimicrobial resistance
What is bordetella parasites of?
Ciliated respiratory epithelium
What is B. bronchiseptica a commensal of?
URT of dogs, cats, swine, rabbits, and other animals
What is B. bronchiseptica the most common cause of?
Respiratory infection in guinea pigs
What is BvgAS?
A sensory system that detects environmental signal and turns on virulence genes
Virulence factor of regulation for B. bronchiseptica
What are the adhesins that are virulence factors for B. bronchiseptica?
Filamentous hemagglutinin
Fimbriae
Pertactin
What are the exotoxins that are a virulence factor for B. bronchiseptica?
Adenylate cyclase
Dermonecrotic toxin
Pertussis toixn
What does adenylate cyclase do?
Inhibits phagocytic activity
What is the pathogenesis of B. bronchiseptica?
Attaches to ciliated respiratory epithelium
Increased cAMP cuases increased mucus production and fluid accumulation
Ciliary paralysis occurs due to increased cAMP
Ciliated respiratory epithelial cells are killed by T3SS
Loss of ciliary function and death of ciliated epithelial cells
Bordetella adheres to recruited phagocytes and phagocytosis is inhibited by increased cAMP
What is the transmission of B. bronchiseptica?
Inhalation
Endogenous or exogenous
Direct or indirect contact and fomites
What does B. bronchiseptica cause in dogs?
Infectious tracheobronchitis
What is natural disease with B. bronchiseptica often accompanied by in dogs?
Canine parainfluenza virus 2 or canine adenovirus 1 or 2
What does B. bronchiseptica cause in swine?
Upper respiratory tract infection at 3-4 weeks of age
Atrophic rhinitis
What does B. bronchiseptica cause in lab animals?
Pneumonia and URT infections
What does B. bronchiseptica cause in cat colonies?
Mild URT infections
What does B. bronchiseptica cause in guinea pigs?
Catarrhal to mucopurulent exudates in the upper respiratory tract
