Exam 4: Campylobacter

Question 1

Which species of Campylocabacter have the highest prevelance and disease impact?

Answer 1

C. jejuni

C. coli

Question 2

What is the disease impact of C. jejuni and C. coli routinely associated with?

Answer 2

Gastrointestinal disease leading to diarrhea

Question 3

What does C. jejuni and C. coli commonly contaminate? What does this serve as?

Answer 3

Poultry meat

Serves as one of the major vehicles spread of C. jejuni to humans

Question 4

What is proliferative bowl disease in pigs, horses, ferrets, and hamsters now known to be caused by?

Answer 4

Lawsonia intracellularis

Question 5

What was Campylobacter once associated with?

Answer 5

Swine dysentery, but this is now recognized as being caused by Treponema hyodysenteriae

Question 6

What are the principal avenues of infection with Campylobacter?

Answer 6

Fecal-oral spread

Food or waterborne transmission

Question 7

What is the method of zoonotic transmission with Campylobacter?

Answer 7

Meat of animal origin, especially chicken, which is a food safety issue

Question 8

What are the methods of chemotaxis with Campylobacter?

Answer 8

Flagellin sense chemotaxins for C. jejuni

Mucin, bile, and L-fucose are positive chemotaxins for C. jejuni

Question 9

Describe the cytotoxicity of Campylobacter

Answer 9

The bacteria’s core toxicity pathway is cytolethal distending toxin
This toxin stops the cell’s growth cycle in G2 and the cell eventually dies
The cell death that accompanies this toxin is a reason for blood in the hosts’s diarrhea

Question 10

What are the typical signs of Campylobacter in dogs?

Answer 10

Mucus-laden, water, and/or bile-streaked diarrhea

Question 11

What is diarrhea a result of with Campylobacter?

Answer 11

The bacteria’s colonization in the intestine and cell death due to cytolethal toxin

Question 12

Describe the conditions for growth of thermophilic/thermotolerant Campylobacter spp (C. jejuni, C. coli, C. upsaliensis, C. mucosalis, C. hyointestinalis, and C. helveticus) and C. fetus

Answer 12

Grow best at 42 deg. C, although they are capable of growth at 37 deg. C
C. fetus do not grow or grow poorly at 42 deg. C

Question 13

How is C. jejuni differentiated?

Answer 13

On its ability to hydrolyze hippurate

Question 14

What is the drug of choice for Campylobacter diarrhea in humans and other animals?

Answer 14

Erythromycin

Question 15

What is bovine genital campylobacteriosis?

Answer 15

A venereal disease of cattle characterized primarily by early embryonic death, infertility, a protracted calving season, and occasionally abortion

Question 16

What is the cause of bovine genital campylobacteriosis?

Answer 16

Campylobacter fetus venerealis or C. fetus fetus

Question 17

How is C. fetus transmitted?

Answer 17

Venereally and contaminated instruments, bedding, or by AI using contaminated semen

Question 18

What is the result of bovine genital campylobacteriosis?

Answer 18

Endometritis that causes early embryonic death
Poor conception rate
Protracted calving periods

Question 19

When should vaccination for bovine genital campylobacteriosis start?

Answer 19

As soon as genital campylobacteriosis is diagnosed