Exam 3: Quiz--Controlling Microbial Growth in Body: Antimicrobial Drugs Flashcards
What are chemicals that affect physiology in any manner called?
Drugs
includes all medications, also caffeine, alcohol, tobacco
What are drugs that act against disease?
Chemotherapeutic agents
Exs:
insulin, anticancer drugs, antimicrobials, etc.
What are drugs that treat infections?
anitmicrobial agents
Exs:
antibiotics, antivirals, antiprotozoans, antifungals, antihelminthics
What is a subcategory to Drugs? What is a subcategory to that?
Drugs–> Chemotherapeutic agents–> antimicrobial agents
What is the key to mechanisms of antimicrobial action?
Selective toxicity
What is the term for a drug that is more toxic to pathogen than to pathogen’s host?
selective toxicity
What is the largest and most diverse kind of drugs?
antibacterial
What kind of drugs do we have most of? list in order.
- eukaryotic infs
- bacterial infs
- viral infs
- Antibacterial
- Eukaryotic infs (antifungal, antiprotozoan, antihelminthic)
- antiviral drugs
What type of drugs do we have the fewest of?
anitviral drugs
What are the 6 Mechanisms of Action of Antimicrobial Drugs?
- Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
- Inhibition of protein synthesis
- Disruption of cytoplasmic membrane
- Inhibition of general metabolic pathway
- Inhibition of DNA or RNA synthesis
- Inhibition of pathogen’s attachment to, or recognition of, host
What antimicrobial mechanism of action blocks peptide and sugar analogs of attachment or receptor proteins, especially viruses?
Inhibition of pathogen’s attachment to, or recognition of, host
What antimicrobial mechanism of action uses pathways not used by humans?
Inhibition of general metabolic pathway
What antimicrobial mechanism of action uses analogs– incorporated into DNA/RNA of pathogens, distort nucleic acids, prevent further processing?
Inhibition of DNA or RNA synthesis
What antimicrobial mechanism of action dirupts translation to target and target differences b/w prok/euk ribosomes?
Inhibition of protein synthesis
What antimicrobial mechanism of action is selectively toxic to fungal or bacterial cells which have cell walls?
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis