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Spinal > Exam 3: Myology > Flashcards

Exam 3: Myology Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the vertebra forms the osseous origin for the splenius Muscles

A

Spinous process

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2
Q

Splenius capitis will attach to what locations on the skull

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone

Superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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3
Q

What is the innervation of splenius capitis

A

Dorsal rami of middle cervical nerves (C3-C5 cord levels)

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4
Q

Splenius Cervicis will attach to what locations on the spine

A

Lateral mass C1 and posterior tubercle of transverse process on C1-C4

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5
Q

What is innervation of splenius Cervicis

A

Dorsal rami of lower cervical spinal nerves (C5-C7)

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6
Q

Which muscles represent the fourth layer of true back

A

Erector spinae or sacrospinalis muscles

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7
Q

Which muscles are ID’ed as erector spinae or sacrospinalis muscles

A

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

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8
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the iliocostalis lumborum

A

Spinous processes of T11-T12, L1-L5, median sacral crest, lateral sacral crest

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9
Q

What is the insertion for the iliocostalis lumborum

A

Costal angles of the lower 6-9 ribs

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis lumborum

A

Dorsal rami of lower thoracic and all lumbar spinal nerves

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11
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum

A

Spinous processes of L1-L5

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12
Q

What is the insertion for the iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum

A

Iliac crest of innominate bone

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13
Q

Which subdivision of the iliocostalis muscles appears to have a reversal of origin- insertion

A

Iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum

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14
Q

What is the origin for the iliocostalis Thoracis

A

Costal angles of the lower 6-7 ribs

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15
Q

What is the insertion for the iliocostalis Thoracis

A

Costal angles of the upper 6-7 ribs, transverse process of C7

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16
Q

What osseous part of the vertebral column serves as an insertion for the iliocostalis Thoracis

A

Transverse process of C7

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17
Q

Which subdivision of the iliocostalis primarily originates and inserts on ribs

A

Iliocostalis Thoracis

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18
Q

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis Thoracis

A

Dorsal rami of upper 6 thoracic spinal nerves (T1-T6)

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19
Q

What is the origin for the iliocostalis Cervicis

A

Costal angles of the upper 3-6 ribs

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20
Q

What is the insertion for the iliocostalis Cervicis

A

Posterior tubercle of transverse process of C3, C4-C6

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21
Q

What is the innervation of the iliocostalis Cervicis

A

Dorsal rami of T1-T2, sometimes C8

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22
Q

What muscles are classically ID’ed as longissimus muscles

A

Longissimus Thoracis, Cervicis, and capitis

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23
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the longissimus Thoracis

A

Accessory process and transverse processes of L1-L5, spinous processes of L3-L5, and median sacral crest S1-S3

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24
Q

What is the insertion for the longissimus Thoracis

A

Transverse tubercle of all Thoracic segments between tubercle and costal angle of the lower 9-10 ribs

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25
Q

Which erector spinae muscle is attached to accessor process

A

Longissimus Thoracis

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26
Q

What is innervation of the longissimus Thoracis

A

Dorsal rami of all thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (T1-T12, L1-L5)

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27
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as origin to longissimus Thoracis pars lumborum

A

Accessory process and medial part of transverse process of L1-L5

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28
Q

What is the insertion for the longissimus Thoracis pars lumborum

A

PSIS of innominate bone

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29
Q

Contraction of longissimus Thoracis pars lumborum will result in what movements

A

Lateral flexion of lumbar spine

Bilaterally extend lumbar spine and increase lumbar lordotic curve

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30
Q

What osseous parts of the vertebral column site serve as origin to longissimus Thoracis pars Thoracis

A

Spinous processes of L3-L5 and median sacral crest S1-S3

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31
Q

What non-vertebral column site serves as an origin to longissimus Thoracis pars Thoracis

A

PSIS of innominate bone

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32
Q

Which subdivision of longissimus muscle appears to have a reversal of origin-insertion

A

Longissimus Thoracis pars lumborum

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33
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as insertion for the longissimus Cervicis

A

Posterior tubercle of transverse processes from C2-C6 or C7, articular processes from C2-C6, C7

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34
Q

What is innervation of longissimus Cervicis

A

Dorsal rami of C4-C8 and T1-T2

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35
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to longissimus capitis

A

Transverse tubercle of T1-T5 and articular processes of C4-C7

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36
Q

What is insertion for longissimus capitis

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone

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37
Q

What is the innervation of the longissimus capitis

A

Dorsal rami of C1-C3 or C4

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38
Q

Which erector spinae muscles attach to cervical articular processes

A

Longissimus Cervicis and longissimus capitis

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39
Q

What muscles are classically ID’ed as spinalis muscles

A

Spinalis thoracis, Cervicis, and capitis

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40
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to spinalis thoracis

A

Spinous processes of T11 and T12-L1, L2

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41
Q

What is the insertion for the spinalis thoracis

A

Spinous process of T1-T4 or as low as T8

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42
Q

What is innervation of the spinalis thoracis

A

Dorsal rami of all thoracic and upper L nerves

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43
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as origin to spinalis cervicis

A

Spinous process of C7, T1-T6

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44
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an insertion for the spinalis cervicis

A

Spinous processes from C2-C4

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45
Q

What is the innervation of the spinalis cervicis

A

Dorsal rami of all cervical spinal nerves (C1-C8)

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46
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to the spinalis capitis

A

Spinous process C7 and T1-T6 or T7

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47
Q

What is the insertion for spinalis capitis

A

Below superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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48
Q

What is innervation of spinalis capitis

A

Dorsal rami of lower C and upper T spinal nerves

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49
Q

Which muscles are ID’ed as transversospinalis Muscles

A

Semispinalis, multifidis, rotators

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50
Q

How many vertebrae can be attached to single segment by transversospinalis muscles

A

As many as 9 vertebrae

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51
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to semispinalis Thoracis

A

Transverse tubercles of T6-T10 or as low as T12

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52
Q

What segment will represent lowest attachment site for the semispinalis Thoracis

A

T12

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53
Q

What is the insertion for the semispinalis thoracis

A

Spinous processes of C6-7, T1-4

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54
Q

What is innervation of semispinalis Thoracis

A

Dorsal rami of T1-6

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55
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to semispinalis Cervicis

A

Transverse tubercles of T1-5 or T6 and articular processes of C4-7

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56
Q

What is insertion for semispinalis cervicis

A

Spinous processes of C2-5

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57
Q

What is innervation of semispinalis cervicis

A

Dorsal rami of C6-8

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58
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to semispinalis capitis

A

Transverse tubercles of C7, T1-6 or T7 and articular processes of C4-6

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59
Q

What is insertion for semispinalis capitis

A

Below superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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60
Q

What is innervation of semispinalis capitis

A

Dorsal rami of C1-6

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61
Q

Biventer cervicis formed by fusion of what muscles

A

Semispinalis capitis and spinalis capitis

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62
Q

What regional subdivisions are now ID’ed with multifidis muscles

A

Lumbar multifidis
Thoracic multifidis
Cervical multifidis

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63
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to the classic multifidis

A

Articular process of C4-7, transverse processes of T1-12, mammillary processes of L1-5 and dorsal surface of S1-4 or S5

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64
Q

What is insertion for classic multifidis

A

Spinous process 3-5 segments above origin

65
Q

Which transversospinalis muscle attaches to articular and mammillary processes along spine

A

Multifidis

66
Q

What is innervation of classic multifidis

A

Dorsal rami C3-8, T1-12, L1-5, and S1

67
Q

What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as origin to multifidis cervicis

A

Articular process of C4-7

68
Q

What is attachment site of most cranial vertebrae of insertion for multifidis

A

Spinous process of C2

69
Q

Contraction of multifidis cervicis will result in what movements

A

Alters zygapophyseal capsular ligament response to load distribution determines cervical spine response to injury as evidenced by neck pain and is a significant contributor to postural control of head and neck

70
Q

Which subdivision of multifidis may demonstrate a reversal of origin-insertion

A

Multifidis lumborum

71
Q

Contraction of multifidis lumborum will result in what movements

A

Lateral flexion and rotation of lumbar spine, maintains lumbar lordotic curve and prevents entrapment of lumbar zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement

72
Q

What is characteristic of multifidis innervation

A

All fascicles attaching to a specific spinous process are innervated by the nerve of that segment… (the L2 spinal nerve terminates on fascicles attaching to L2 spinous process)

73
Q

Which muscles of spine exhibit a reversal of expected origin- insertion combo

A

Iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum
Longissimus thoracic pars lumborum
Multifidis lumborum

74
Q

Rotator muscles are typically ID’ed in what region of spine

A

Thoracic region

75
Q

What will replace muscles spanning one or two segmental levels in cervicals and lumbars

A

Deep layers of multifidis

76
Q

What muscle connects a transverse process to spinous process of segment above

A

Rotator brevis

77
Q

What muscle connects a transverse process to spinous process 2 segments above

A

Rotators longus

78
Q

What innervates rotators

A

Dorsal rami at level of insertion

79
Q

What muscles are included in suboccipital muscle group

A

RCP major
RCP minor
OC inferior
OC Superior

80
Q

Which suboccipital muscle lacks attachment to skull

A

OC Inferior

81
Q

Which nerve innervates suboccipital muscles

A

Dorsal ramus C1, suboccipital nerve

82
Q

Origin of RCP major

A

Spinous tubercle of C2

83
Q

Insertion of RCP minor

A

Inferior nuchal line laterally

84
Q

Contraction of RCP major will result in what movements

A

Turns face to side, bilaterally acts to extend head

85
Q

Origin of RCP minor

A

Posterior tubercle of posterior arch of C1

86
Q

Insertion of RCP minor

A

Inferior nuchal line medially

87
Q

Contraction of RCP minor will result in what movement

A

Extends head

88
Q

Origin of OCI

A

C2 spinous process and lamina

89
Q

Insertion of OCI

A

Transverse process C1

90
Q

Contraction of OCI results in what movement

A

Turns face to side

91
Q

Origin of OCS

A

Posterior tubercle of transverse process of C1

92
Q

Insertion of OCS

A

Between superior nuchal line and inferior nuchal line

93
Q

Contraction of OCS will result in what movements

A

Lateral flexion/bending of head, bilaterally acts to extend head

94
Q

Increase in density of muscle spindles most apparent in which suboccipital muscle

A

OCI

95
Q

Suboccipital muscle feedback relates to what additional locations in brain

A

Extraocular nuclei of origin, primarily visual cortex and vestibular nuclei

96
Q

Result of communication between suboccipital muscles, visual centers and vestibular centers

A

Coordination of head and eye position

97
Q

Proposed function of suboccipital muscle group

A

Postural stabilizers of atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints

98
Q

Which suboccipital muscles known to attach to dura mater

A

RCP major
RCP minor
OCI

99
Q

Interspinalis paired in which regions of spine

A

C and L regions

100
Q

What locations will interspinalis be absent along spine

A

T3-4 down to T10-T11

101
Q

Based on density of muscle spindles what is proposed function of interspinalis

A

Acts as proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with Intertransversarii to coordinate smooth movement of spine and to maintain appropriate posture

102
Q

Intertransversarii are paired in which regions of spine

A

C and L regions

103
Q

In which region of spine are Intertransversarii best developed

A

C region

104
Q

Which cervical Intertransversarii is innervated by dorsal rami of C spinal nerves

A

Posterior medial belly, cervical Intertransversarii

105
Q

Origin of medial belly of lumbar Intertransversarii

A

Accessory process of transverse process of L1-4

Mammillary process of superior articular process L1-4

106
Q

Insertion of medial belly of lumbar Intertransversarii

A

Mammillary process of superior articular process the segment below (L2-5)

107
Q

Which lumbar intertransversarii innervated by dorsal rami of lumbar spinal nerves

A

Medial belly, lumbar intertransversarii

108
Q

Which lumbar Intertransversarii innervated by ventral rami of lumbar spinal nerves

A

Anterior laterally belly and posterior lateral belly, lumbar Intertransversarii

109
Q

Which muscle group innervated by both dorsal rami and ventral rami of spinal nerves

A

Intertransversarii

110
Q

Based on density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of intertransversarii

A

Acts as proprioceptive transducer on conjunction with interspinalis to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture

111
Q

Origin of Longus Colli

A

Vertebral bodies C5-7, T1-3 and anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-5

112
Q

Insertion of Longus Colli

A

Anterior tubercle and anterior arch C1, vertebral bodies C2-4 and anterior tubercles of transverse processes C5-6

113
Q

Contraction of Longus Colli will result in what movements

A

Flexion and lateral flexion of neck and rotation to contralateral side

114
Q

What will innervate Longus Colli

A

Ventral rami of C2-6 or C7

115
Q

Origin of longus capitis

A

Ant tubercles of transverse processes C3-6

116
Q

Insertion of longus capitis

A

Basilar part of occipital bone

117
Q

Innervation of longus capitis

A

Ventral rami C1-3

118
Q

Origin of RCA

A

Lateral mass and costal element of transverse process of C1

119
Q

Insertion of RCA

A

Basilar part of occipital bone

120
Q

Innervation of RCA

A

Ventral rami C1-2

121
Q

Origin of RCL

A

Costal element of transverse process C1

122
Q

Insertion of RCL

A

Jugular process of occipital bone

123
Q

Innervation of RCL

A

Ventral rami C1-2

124
Q

Origin of ant scalene

A

Ant tubercles of transverse processes C3-6

125
Q

Insertion of ant scalene

A

Ridge and ant scalene tubercle of rib 1

126
Q

Contraction of ant scalene will result in what movements

A

Flexion and lateral flexion of neck and rotation of cervicals to contralateral side
Elevates rib 1

127
Q

Innervation of ant scalene

A

Ventral rami C2-6

128
Q

Origin of middle Scalene

A

Transverse process C1, C2 and posterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-7

129
Q

Insertion of middle scalene

A

Between tubercle and groove for subclavian artery on first rib

130
Q

Contraction of middle scalene results in

A

Laterally flex neck

Elevate rib 1

131
Q

Innervation of middle scalene

A

Ventral rami of C3-8

132
Q

Origin of post scalene

A

Post tubercles of transverse processes C4-6

133
Q

Insertion of post scalene

A

Outer surface of rib 2

134
Q

Muscle that forms the iliolumbar ligament

A

Quadratus lumborum

135
Q

Osseous part of the vertebral column that serves as an origin to the quadratus lumborum

A

Transverse process of L5

136
Q

Insertion of quadratus lumborum

A

Transverse tubercle of the transverse process L1-L4 and 12th rib

137
Q

Quadratus Lumborum innervation

A

Ventral rami of T12 and L1-L3 or L4 spinal nerves

138
Q

Psoas Major origin

A

Vertebral bodies T12, L1-L5, S1 and transverse processes of L1-L5

139
Q

Psoas major insertion

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

140
Q

Psoas major innervation

A

Primarily the ventral rami of L2 and L3, may include ventral rami of L1 and L4 spinal nerves

141
Q

Origin of Psoas Minor

A

Vertebral bodies of T12, L1

142
Q

Psoas minor insertion

A

Iliopubic eminence of the innominate bone

143
Q

Psoas minor innervation

A

Ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve

144
Q

Osseous part of the vertebral column that serves as origin to the iliacus

A

Superolateral margin of sacrum

145
Q

Non-vertebral column site that is an origin to the iliacus

A

Iliac crest and upper 2/3s of the iliac fossa of the innominate bone

146
Q

Insertion of the iliacus

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

147
Q

Iliacus innervation

A

Femoral nerve, primarily the ventral rami of L2 and L3

148
Q

Levator costarum brevis origin

A

Transverse tubercles of transverse processes from C7, T1-T11

149
Q

Levator costarum brevis insertion

A

Between the costal tubercle and costal angle of the rib below

150
Q

Levator costarum brevis innervation

A

Dorsal rami of T1-12 spinal nerves

151
Q

Levator costarum longus origin

A

Transverse tubercles of transverse processes from T7-T10

152
Q

Levator costarum longus insertion

A

Near costal angle of rib 9- rib 12

153
Q

Levator costarum longus innervation

A

Dorsal rami of the lower thoracic spinal nerves

154
Q

Serratus posterior superior origin

A

Spinous tubercles of spinous processes from C7, T1 and T2, possibly T3

155
Q

Serratus posterior superior insertion

A

Upper outer border of rib 2- rib 5

156
Q

Serratus posterior superior innervation

A

Ventral rami of T2-5 spinal nerves… intercostal nerves

157
Q

Serratus posterior inferior origin

A

Spinous tubercles of spinous processes from T11, T12, L1 and L2, possibly L3

158
Q

Serratus posterior inferior insertion

A

Inferior outer border of ribs 9-12

159
Q

Serrratus posterior inferior innervation

A

Ventral rami of T9-11, intercostal nerves

Ventral rami of T12, the subcostal nerve

Spinal (27 decks)

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