Exam 3: Myology Flashcards
1
Q
What part of the vertebra forms the osseous origin for the splenius Muscles
A
Spinous process
2
Q
Splenius capitis will attach to what locations on the skull
A
Mastoid process of temporal bone
Superior nuchal line of occipital bone
3
Q
What is the innervation of splenius capitis
A
Dorsal rami of middle cervical nerves (C3-C5 cord levels)
4
Q
Splenius Cervicis will attach to what locations on the spine
A
Lateral mass C1 and posterior tubercle of transverse process on C1-C4
5
Q
What is innervation of splenius Cervicis
A
Dorsal rami of lower cervical spinal nerves (C5-C7)
6
Q
Which muscles represent the fourth layer of true back
A
Erector spinae or sacrospinalis muscles
7
Q
Which muscles are ID’ed as erector spinae or sacrospinalis muscles
A
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
8
Q
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the iliocostalis lumborum
A
Spinous processes of T11-T12, L1-L5, median sacral crest, lateral sacral crest
9
Q
What is the insertion for the iliocostalis lumborum
A
Costal angles of the lower 6-9 ribs
10
Q
What is the innervation of the iliocostalis lumborum
A
Dorsal rami of lower thoracic and all lumbar spinal nerves
11
Q
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum
A
Spinous processes of L1-L5
12
Q
What is the insertion for the iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum
A
Iliac crest of innominate bone
13
Q
Which subdivision of the iliocostalis muscles appears to have a reversal of origin- insertion
A
Iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum
14
Q
What is the origin for the iliocostalis Thoracis
A
Costal angles of the lower 6-7 ribs
15
Q
What is the insertion for the iliocostalis Thoracis
A
Costal angles of the upper 6-7 ribs, transverse process of C7
16
Q
What osseous part of the vertebral column serves as an insertion for the iliocostalis Thoracis
A
Transverse process of C7
17
Q
Which subdivision of the iliocostalis primarily originates and inserts on ribs
A
Iliocostalis Thoracis
18
Q
What is the innervation of the iliocostalis Thoracis
A
Dorsal rami of upper 6 thoracic spinal nerves (T1-T6)
19
Q
What is the origin for the iliocostalis Cervicis
A
Costal angles of the upper 3-6 ribs
20
Q
What is the insertion for the iliocostalis Cervicis
A
Posterior tubercle of transverse process of C3, C4-C6
21
Q
What is the innervation of the iliocostalis Cervicis
A
Dorsal rami of T1-T2, sometimes C8
22
Q
What muscles are classically ID’ed as longissimus muscles
A
Longissimus Thoracis, Cervicis, and capitis
23
Q
What osseous parts of the vertebral column serve as an origin to the longissimus Thoracis
A
Accessory process and transverse processes of L1-L5, spinous processes of L3-L5, and median sacral crest S1-S3
24
Q
What is the insertion for the longissimus Thoracis
A
Transverse tubercle of all Thoracic segments between tubercle and costal angle of the lower 9-10 ribs
25
Which erector spinae muscle is attached to accessor process
Longissimus Thoracis
26
What is innervation of the longissimus Thoracis
Dorsal rami of all thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (T1-T12, L1-L5)
27
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as origin to longissimus Thoracis pars lumborum
Accessory process and medial part of transverse process of L1-L5
28
What is the insertion for the longissimus Thoracis pars lumborum
PSIS of innominate bone
29
Contraction of longissimus Thoracis pars lumborum will result in what movements
Lateral flexion of lumbar spine
| Bilaterally extend lumbar spine and increase lumbar lordotic curve
30
What osseous parts of the vertebral column site serve as origin to longissimus Thoracis pars Thoracis
Spinous processes of L3-L5 and median sacral crest S1-S3
31
What non-vertebral column site serves as an origin to longissimus Thoracis pars Thoracis
PSIS of innominate bone
32
Which subdivision of longissimus muscle appears to have a reversal of origin-insertion
Longissimus Thoracis pars lumborum
33
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as insertion for the longissimus Cervicis
Posterior tubercle of transverse processes from C2-C6 or C7, articular processes from C2-C6, C7
34
What is innervation of longissimus Cervicis
Dorsal rami of C4-C8 and T1-T2
35
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to longissimus capitis
Transverse tubercle of T1-T5 and articular processes of C4-C7
36
What is insertion for longissimus capitis
Mastoid process of temporal bone
37
What is the innervation of the longissimus capitis
Dorsal rami of C1-C3 or C4
38
Which erector spinae muscles attach to cervical articular processes
Longissimus Cervicis and longissimus capitis
39
What muscles are classically ID’ed as spinalis muscles
Spinalis thoracis, Cervicis, and capitis
40
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to spinalis thoracis
Spinous processes of T11 and T12-L1, L2
41
What is the insertion for the spinalis thoracis
Spinous process of T1-T4 or as low as T8
42
What is innervation of the spinalis thoracis
Dorsal rami of all thoracic and upper L nerves
43
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as origin to spinalis cervicis
Spinous process of C7, T1-T6
44
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an insertion for the spinalis cervicis
Spinous processes from C2-C4
45
What is the innervation of the spinalis cervicis
Dorsal rami of all cervical spinal nerves (C1-C8)
46
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to the spinalis capitis
Spinous process C7 and T1-T6 or T7
47
What is the insertion for spinalis capitis
Below superior nuchal line of occipital bone
48
What is innervation of spinalis capitis
Dorsal rami of lower C and upper T spinal nerves
49
Which muscles are ID’ed as transversospinalis Muscles
Semispinalis, multifidis, rotators
50
How many vertebrae can be attached to single segment by transversospinalis muscles
As many as 9 vertebrae
51
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to semispinalis Thoracis
Transverse tubercles of T6-T10 or as low as T12
52
What segment will represent lowest attachment site for the semispinalis Thoracis
T12
53
What is the insertion for the semispinalis thoracis
Spinous processes of C6-7, T1-4
54
What is innervation of semispinalis Thoracis
Dorsal rami of T1-6
55
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to semispinalis Cervicis
Transverse tubercles of T1-5 or T6 and articular processes of C4-7
56
What is insertion for semispinalis cervicis
Spinous processes of C2-5
57
What is innervation of semispinalis cervicis
Dorsal rami of C6-8
58
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to semispinalis capitis
Transverse tubercles of C7, T1-6 or T7 and articular processes of C4-6
59
What is insertion for semispinalis capitis
Below superior nuchal line of occipital bone
60
What is innervation of semispinalis capitis
Dorsal rami of C1-6
61
Biventer cervicis formed by fusion of what muscles
Semispinalis capitis and spinalis capitis
62
What regional subdivisions are now ID’ed with multifidis muscles
Lumbar multifidis
Thoracic multifidis
Cervical multifidis
63
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as an origin to the classic multifidis
Articular process of C4-7, transverse processes of T1-12, mammillary processes of L1-5 and dorsal surface of S1-4 or S5
64
What is insertion for classic multifidis
Spinous process 3-5 segments above origin
65
Which transversospinalis muscle attaches to articular and mammillary processes along spine
Multifidis
66
What is innervation of classic multifidis
Dorsal rami C3-8, T1-12, L1-5, and S1
67
What osseous parts of vertebral column serve as origin to multifidis cervicis
Articular process of C4-7
68
What is attachment site of most cranial vertebrae of insertion for multifidis
Spinous process of C2
69
Contraction of multifidis cervicis will result in what movements
Alters zygapophyseal capsular ligament response to load distribution determines cervical spine response to injury as evidenced by neck pain and is a significant contributor to postural control of head and neck
70
Which subdivision of multifidis may demonstrate a reversal of origin-insertion
Multifidis lumborum
71
Contraction of multifidis lumborum will result in what movements
Lateral flexion and rotation of lumbar spine, maintains lumbar lordotic curve and prevents entrapment of lumbar zygapophyseal capsular ligament during movement
72
What is characteristic of multifidis innervation
All fascicles attaching to a specific spinous process are innervated by the nerve of that segment... (the L2 spinal nerve terminates on fascicles attaching to L2 spinous process)
73
Which muscles of spine exhibit a reversal of expected origin- insertion combo
Iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum
Longissimus thoracic pars lumborum
Multifidis lumborum
74
Rotator muscles are typically ID’ed in what region of spine
Thoracic region
75
What will replace muscles spanning one or two segmental levels in cervicals and lumbars
Deep layers of multifidis
76
What muscle connects a transverse process to spinous process of segment above
Rotator brevis
77
What muscle connects a transverse process to spinous process 2 segments above
Rotators longus
78
What innervates rotators
Dorsal rami at level of insertion
79
What muscles are included in suboccipital muscle group
RCP major
RCP minor
OC inferior
OC Superior
80
Which suboccipital muscle lacks attachment to skull
OC Inferior
81
Which nerve innervates suboccipital muscles
Dorsal ramus C1, suboccipital nerve
82
Origin of RCP major
Spinous tubercle of C2
83
Insertion of RCP minor
Inferior nuchal line laterally
84
Contraction of RCP major will result in what movements
Turns face to side, bilaterally acts to extend head
85
Origin of RCP minor
Posterior tubercle of posterior arch of C1
86
Insertion of RCP minor
Inferior nuchal line medially
87
Contraction of RCP minor will result in what movement
Extends head
88
Origin of OCI
C2 spinous process and lamina
89
Insertion of OCI
Transverse process C1
90
Contraction of OCI results in what movement
Turns face to side
91
Origin of OCS
Posterior tubercle of transverse process of C1
92
Insertion of OCS
Between superior nuchal line and inferior nuchal line
93
Contraction of OCS will result in what movements
Lateral flexion/bending of head, bilaterally acts to extend head
94
Increase in density of muscle spindles most apparent in which suboccipital muscle
OCI
95
Suboccipital muscle feedback relates to what additional locations in brain
Extraocular nuclei of origin, primarily visual cortex and vestibular nuclei
96
Result of communication between suboccipital muscles, visual centers and vestibular centers
Coordination of head and eye position
97
Proposed function of suboccipital muscle group
Postural stabilizers of atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints
98
Which suboccipital muscles known to attach to dura mater
RCP major
RCP minor
OCI
99
Interspinalis paired in which regions of spine
C and L regions
100
What locations will interspinalis be absent along spine
T3-4 down to T10-T11
101
Based on density of muscle spindles what is proposed function of interspinalis
Acts as proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with Intertransversarii to coordinate smooth movement of spine and to maintain appropriate posture
102
Intertransversarii are paired in which regions of spine
C and L regions
103
In which region of spine are Intertransversarii best developed
C region
104
Which cervical Intertransversarii is innervated by dorsal rami of C spinal nerves
Posterior medial belly, cervical Intertransversarii
105
Origin of medial belly of lumbar Intertransversarii
Accessory process of transverse process of L1-4
| Mammillary process of superior articular process L1-4
106
Insertion of medial belly of lumbar Intertransversarii
Mammillary process of superior articular process the segment below (L2-5)
107
Which lumbar intertransversarii innervated by dorsal rami of lumbar spinal nerves
Medial belly, lumbar intertransversarii
108
Which lumbar Intertransversarii innervated by ventral rami of lumbar spinal nerves
Anterior laterally belly and posterior lateral belly, lumbar Intertransversarii
109
Which muscle group innervated by both dorsal rami and ventral rami of spinal nerves
Intertransversarii
110
Based on density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of intertransversarii
Acts as proprioceptive transducer on conjunction with interspinalis to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture
111
Origin of Longus Colli
Vertebral bodies C5-7, T1-3 and anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-5
112
Insertion of Longus Colli
Anterior tubercle and anterior arch C1, vertebral bodies C2-4 and anterior tubercles of transverse processes C5-6
113
Contraction of Longus Colli will result in what movements
Flexion and lateral flexion of neck and rotation to contralateral side
114
What will innervate Longus Colli
Ventral rami of C2-6 or C7
115
Origin of longus capitis
Ant tubercles of transverse processes C3-6
116
Insertion of longus capitis
Basilar part of occipital bone
117
Innervation of longus capitis
Ventral rami C1-3
118
Origin of RCA
Lateral mass and costal element of transverse process of C1
119
Insertion of RCA
Basilar part of occipital bone
120
Innervation of RCA
Ventral rami C1-2
121
Origin of RCL
Costal element of transverse process C1
122
Insertion of RCL
Jugular process of occipital bone
123
Innervation of RCL
Ventral rami C1-2
124
Origin of ant scalene
Ant tubercles of transverse processes C3-6
125
Insertion of ant scalene
Ridge and ant scalene tubercle of rib 1
126
Contraction of ant scalene will result in what movements
Flexion and lateral flexion of neck and rotation of cervicals to contralateral side
Elevates rib 1
127
Innervation of ant scalene
Ventral rami C2-6
128
Origin of middle Scalene
Transverse process C1, C2 and posterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-7
129
Insertion of middle scalene
Between tubercle and groove for subclavian artery on first rib
130
Contraction of middle scalene results in
Laterally flex neck
| Elevate rib 1
131
Innervation of middle scalene
Ventral rami of C3-8
132
Origin of post scalene
Post tubercles of transverse processes C4-6
133
Insertion of post scalene
Outer surface of rib 2
134
Muscle that forms the iliolumbar ligament
Quadratus lumborum
135
Osseous part of the vertebral column that serves as an origin to the quadratus lumborum
Transverse process of L5
136
Insertion of quadratus lumborum
Transverse tubercle of the transverse process L1-L4 and 12th rib
137
Quadratus Lumborum innervation
Ventral rami of T12 and L1-L3 or L4 spinal nerves
138
Psoas Major origin
Vertebral bodies T12, L1-L5, S1 and transverse processes of L1-L5
139
Psoas major insertion
Lesser trochanter of the femur
140
Psoas major innervation
Primarily the ventral rami of L2 and L3, may include ventral rami of L1 and L4 spinal nerves
141
Origin of Psoas Minor
Vertebral bodies of T12, L1
142
Psoas minor insertion
Iliopubic eminence of the innominate bone
143
Psoas minor innervation
Ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve
144
Osseous part of the vertebral column that serves as origin to the iliacus
Superolateral margin of sacrum
145
Non-vertebral column site that is an origin to the iliacus
Iliac crest and upper 2/3s of the iliac fossa of the innominate bone
146
Insertion of the iliacus
Lesser trochanter of the femur
147
Iliacus innervation
Femoral nerve, primarily the ventral rami of L2 and L3
148
Levator costarum brevis origin
Transverse tubercles of transverse processes from C7, T1-T11
149
Levator costarum brevis insertion
Between the costal tubercle and costal angle of the rib below
150
Levator costarum brevis innervation
Dorsal rami of T1-12 spinal nerves
151
Levator costarum longus origin
Transverse tubercles of transverse processes from T7-T10
152
Levator costarum longus insertion
Near costal angle of rib 9- rib 12
153
Levator costarum longus innervation
Dorsal rami of the lower thoracic spinal nerves
154
Serratus posterior superior origin
Spinous tubercles of spinous processes from C7, T1 and T2, possibly T3
155
Serratus posterior superior insertion
Upper outer border of rib 2- rib 5
156
Serratus posterior superior innervation
Ventral rami of T2-5 spinal nerves... intercostal nerves
157
Serratus posterior inferior origin
Spinous tubercles of spinous processes from T11, T12, L1 and L2, possibly L3
158
Serratus posterior inferior insertion
Inferior outer border of ribs 9-12
159
Serrratus posterior inferior innervation
Ventral rami of T9-11, intercostal nerves
| Ventral rami of T12, the subcostal nerve
