Exam 3: Face Flashcards by Rachel Smith

Unique about muscles of face

Do not act as lever muscles

Do not attach to bone at both origin and insertion

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Which muscles lack any attachment to bone

Orbicularis oris
Processus
Risorius

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What type of motor fibers to skeletal muscles are given off by facial nerve

Branchial efferent

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Embryonic origin of skeletal muscles innervated by facial nerve

Branchial arches

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Most of 7th CN will exit skull via

Stylomastoid foramen

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Source of innervation for all muscles of facial expression

Facial nerve branches

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Branchial efferent fibers carried in 7th CN innervate what muscles

Muscles of facial expression 
Muscles of scalp and auricle 
Buccinator 
Platysma 
Stapedius 
Stylohyoid 
Posterior belly epicranius

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Which divisions of trigeminal nerve contain somatic Afferent pathways

All three

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Landmark forms apex of orbit

Convergence of SO fissure and IO fissure

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Openings located along superior wall of orbit

Optic canal

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Contents of optic canal

Optic nerve

Ophthalmic artery

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Name given to medial wall of orbit

Lamina papyracea

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Features observed on medial wall of orbit

Lacrimal groove
Fossa for lacrimal sac
Ant ethmoidal foramen
Post ethmoidal foramen

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Openings located along lateral wall of orbit

SO fissure

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Opening accommodates passage of ophthalmic nerve and ophthalmic veins between orbit and cranial vault

SO fissure

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Openings located along inferior wall of orbit

IO fissure

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Contained in IO fissure

Maxillary division trigeminal

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Openings on each wall of orbit

Superior- optic canal
Medial - ant ethmoid and Post ethmoid foramen
Lateral- SO fissure
Inferior- IO fissure

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Layers of eyelid

Skin
Orbicularis oculi
Tarsal plate
Palpebra conjunctiva

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Names given to modified sebaceous gland in tarsus of eyelid

Tarsal or Meibomian gland

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Function of meibomian gland

Produces thick, hydrophobic substance that prevents tears from overflowing onto cheeks along margin of eyelid

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Name of gland located at base of eyelash

Ciliary gland

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Names given to modified sebaceous glands of palpebra

Tarsal gland

Ciliary gland

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Name of mucous membrane attaching to eyeball

Bulbar conjunctiva

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Name given to blind sac formed between palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva

Sup and Inf fornix

Name given to angle formed between sup and Inf eyelids at medial and lateral margins

Canthus

Union of skin at eyelid margin

Medial or lateral palpebra commissure

Elevation at medial canthus

Lacrimal caruncle

Crescent shaped appearance of conjunctiva at medial canthus

Plica semilunaris conjunctiva

Elevation at medial margin of eyelid

Sup or Inf lacrimal papilla

Opening at lacrimal papilla

Lacrimal Punctum

Location of lacrimal gland

Lacrimal fossa of frontal bone in superolateral part of orbital wall

Drainage pattern of tears

``` Lacrimal punctum Lacrimal canaliculus Lacrimal sac Nasolacrimal duct Inferior nasal meatus ```

How many neurons involved in visceral efferent pathways from CNS to target cell

2 motor neurons

Location for 2nd neuron in visceral efferent pathway

Ganglion

CN involved in VE PS pathway to lacrimal gland

Facial and trigeminal

Names of ganglion of synapse in efferent pathway to lacrimal gland

Pterygopalatine ganglion Sphenopalatine ganglion Meckel’s ganglion

PS stimulation of blood vessels in lacrimal gland will result in

Vasodilation of blood vessels Increased availability of water to secretory units Thinner or watery product in lumen

S fibers synapse in which ganglion in pathway to lacrimal gland

Superior cervical ganglion

S stimulation of lacrimal gland will result in what events

Vasoconstriction Limited availability of water to secretly units More viscous or thicker product formed in glandular lumen

What cells of lacrimal gland will cause the product to be released from the secretory unit

Myoepithelial cells

What will PS specifically target in lacrimal gland

Vasomotor fibers to smooth muscle of blood vessels | Secretomotor fibers to myoepithelial cells surrounding secretory alveolus

PS stimulation of targets in lacrimal gland will result in what

Vasodilation of blood vessels Increased water availability Thinner watery product Constriction of myoepithelial cells leading to release of product form secretory lumen into duct system

Names of layers of eyeball

Fibrous tunic Uveal tract Retina

Parts of fibrous tunic

Cornea and sclera

Parts of uveal tract

Iris Ciliary body Choroid Pupil

Muscles present in iris

Sphincter pupillae | Dilator pupillae

Innervation of sphincter pupillae

Oculomotor nerve, PS pathway

Innervation of ciliaris muscle

Oculomotor nerve, PS pathway

Function of rod cell

Provide vision in dim light conditions

Function of cone cell

Provide vision in bright light conditions and mediate color vision

What forms optic nerve

Axons of ganglion cells

What occurs at optic chiasma

Part of optic nerve decussates

Innervation of dilatator pupillae

Internal cardiac artery plexus | S pathway

Chambers of eyeball in front of lens

Ant and Post chambers

What separates ant chamber and post chamber

Iris

What is contained in ant chamber

Aqueous humor

Primary cause of glaucoma

Excess aqueous humor in chambers in front of lens

Name given to chamber behind lens

Vitreous chamber

Fills vitreous chamber

Vitreous body

Functions of vitreous body

Maintain retinal curvature | Allow minimal light distortion from lens to retina

Common characteristics in O and I of all rectus extraocular muscles

All O from common annular tendon in orbit All I into sclera in front of coronal equator of eyeball

Apparent function of medial rectus

Adducts cornea

Apparent function of lateral rectus

Abducts cornea

Which nerves innervate specific extrinsic/extraocular Muscles

Oculomotor Trochlear Abducent

2 unique features of 4th CN

Only CN with apparent O from brain’s dorsal surface Only C efferent N to decussate within midbrain from its nucleus

Intrinsic muscles of eye innervated by which VE pathways

Ciliaris and sphincter pupillae innervated by PS Dilator pupillae innervated by S

Location of synapse for preganglionic PS efferent fibers of 3rd CN

Ciliary ganglion

O for S pathway to dilator pupillae

Lateral horn T1, T2

S fibers synapse in which ganglion in pathway to dilator pupillae

Sup cervical ganglion

From sup cervical ganglion, how to S fibers reach dilator pupillae

Join internal carotid artery neurovascular plexus and continue along ophthalmic artery to central artery of retina and enter eyeball