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Exam 2: Spondy Flashcards

1
Q

Greek work for vertebra

A

Spondylos

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2
Q

Definition of suffix “osis”

A

Condition

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3
Q

Definition of suffix “lysis”

A

Cleavage or separation

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4
Q

Definition of suffix “listhesis”

A

Slippage

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5
Q

Definition of spondylosis

A

Vertebral condition

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6
Q

Definition of spondylolysis

A

Vertebral separation or cleavage

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7
Q

Definition of spondylolisthesis

A

Vertebral slippage

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8
Q

Current limited definition of spondylosis

A

Vertebral condition that is acquired or age-related

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9
Q

Some causes of spondylolysis

A

Congenital, acquired during development, result of aging, result of trauma

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10
Q

Location of spondylolysis stressed in class

A

Pars interarticularis

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11
Q

Parts of vertebra that are separated as result of pars defect

A

Anterior element from posterior element

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12
Q

Incidence of spondylolysis in general population

A

2.6% - 10%

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13
Q

Incidence of spondylolysis in native Alaskan population

A

52.6%

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14
Q

Characteristics associated w/ cervical spondylolysis

A

Rare, congenital, more men, MC at C6, linked to spondylolisthesis and spina bifida

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15
Q

Is cervical spondylolysis result of congenital, acquired or age-related conditions?

A

Congenital — cartilage centers fail to form

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16
Q

Additional abnormalities associated w/ or linked to cervical spondylolysis

A

Spondylolisthesis and spina bifida

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17
Q

Gender and vertebral location bias associated w/ cervical spondylolysis

A

Men at C6 level

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18
Q

Lumbar spondylolysis has NOT been reported in which individuals

A

Fetuses, newborns, rarely in children under 5, patients who have never walked, and non-erect species

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19
Q

Lumbar spondylolysis only been reported in what typed of species

A

Species that walk erect; humans

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20
Q

What does spondylolysis appear to be related to

A

Uniquely human upright stance or erect posture

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21
Q

Gender bias and locational bias associated w/ lumbar spondylolysis

A

Men at L5/S1; women at L4/L5

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22
Q

Age range typically associated w/ lumbar spondylolysis

A

10-20 years old

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23
Q

Activities particularly stressful at pars interarticularis of lumbar vertebra

A

Gymnastics, dance, soccer

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24
Q

What motions particularly associated w/ lumbar spondylolysis

A

Hyperextension coupled w/ rotation

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25
Name given to material filling the space in lumbar spondylolysis
Spondylolysis ligament
26
Types of neural functions associated w/ spondylolysis ligament
Nociception, neuromodulation and autonomic function
27
Appearance of lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view
Scotty dog
28
Appearance of pars defect in lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view
Collared Scotty dog
29
What part of lumbar vertebra forms neck of Scotty dog
Pars interarticularis below the superior articular process
30
What part of lumbar forms eye of Scotty dog
Pedicle
31
What part of lumbar vertebra forms ear of Scotty dog
Superior articular process
32
What part of lumbar forms nose of Scotty dog
Transverse process
33
Incidence of sacral spondylolysis in general population
Rare
34
Ethnic group associated w/ high incidence of sacral spondylolysis
Native Alaskan (inuit) population
35
Is sacral spondylolysis the result of congenital, acquired or age-related conditions
Acquired
36
What activities are associated w/ sacral spondylolysis
Kayaking and harpooning
37
Ethnic, gender and locational bias associated w/ sacral spondylolysis
Native Alaskan (Inuit), male, S1 level
38
What vertebral condition results in spondylolisthesis
Bilateral spondylolysis
39
Direction of spondylolisthesis
Anterior or forward displacement
40
Posterior direction of vertebral slippage called
Retrospondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis
41
All names given to type I spondylolisthesis
Dysplastic or congenital spondylolisthesis
42
Locational bias of type I spondylolisthesis
L5 or upper sacral
43
Additional conditions linked to type I spondylolisthesis
Spina bifida occulta and nerve root compression of S1 nerve
44
All names given to type II spondylolisthesis
Isthmic spondylolisthesis
45
Subtype of type II spondylolisthesis is stressed in class
Lytic or stress fracture induced spondylolisthesis
46
Most frequent cause for type II spondylolisthesis
Microfractures as the result of repetitive stress during hyperflexion and rotation
47
Age group typically associated w/ type II spondylolisthesis
Teenagers or young adults
48
Will spondylolysis always result in type II spondylolisthesis
No, particularly in cases of unilateral spondylolysis
49
What spinal canal dimensions associated w/ type II spondylolisthesis
Increase in sagittal diameter of spinal canal
50
Gender and locational bias associated w/ type II spondylolisthesis
Men at L5/S1 level
51
All names given to type III spondylolisthesis
Degenerative spondylolisthesis
52
Conditions often associated w/ type III spondylolisthesis
Osteoarthritis, IVD degeneration, ligament laxity and articular facet remodeling
53
Gender and locational bias and spinal canal dimension changes often associated w/ type III spondylolisthesis
Women, L4/L5 and no change in sagittal diameter of spinal canal
54
Type of spondylolisthesis MC in women at L4/L5
Type III or degenerative
55
All names given to type IV spondylolisthesis
Traumatic spondylolisthesis
56
Causes of type IV spondylolisthesis
Fracture of neural arch components
57
Gender, locational or age bias w/ type IV spondylolisthesis
None
58
All names given to type V spondylolisthesis
Pathologic spondylolisthesis
59
Causes associated w/ type V spondylolisthesis
Bone diseases: Paget or osteogenesis imperfects
60
Result of type V spondylolisthesis
Bone of neural arch lengthened such that listhesis occurs

Spinal (27 decks)

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