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Spinal > Exam 2: Sacrum And Coccyx > Flashcards

Exam 2: Sacrum And Coccyx Flashcards

1
Q

Generic shape of 1st sacral vertebral body

A

Reniform

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2
Q

What muscle may attach to 1st sacral body

A

Psoas major

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3
Q

How many joint surfaces present on vertebral body of S1

A

5

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4
Q

Origin of sacral ala

A

S1 transverse process and costal element originate from vertebral body and possibly pedicle

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5
Q

Part of sacral ala derived from costal element

A

Anterior 2/3

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6
Q

Position of sacral zygapophysis in adults

A

Coronal plane for L5/S1

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7
Q

Orientation of S1 superior articular facet

A

BUM

Concave

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8
Q

Muscles attach to sacral mammillary processes

A

Multifidis

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9
Q

Fusion of vertebral bodies of sacrum across intervertebral disc is called _____

A

Synostosis

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10
Q

Anterior view, IVD of sacrum are replaced by

A

Transverse ridges

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11
Q

What forms median sacral crest

A

Fused spinous processes and their spinous tubercles

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12
Q

Muscles that may attach to median sacral crest

A

Latissimus dorsi
iliocostalis lumborum
longissimus thoracic

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13
Q

What forms intermediate sacral crest

A

Fused articular processes and their facets

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14
Q

What features may be identified along intermediate sacral crest

A

Mammillary process of S1

Sacral cornu of S5

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15
Q

What does sacral cornu represent

A

Inferior articular process and facet of S5

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16
Q

Name of inferior opening of sacral spinal canal

A

Sacral hiatus

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17
Q

What forms lateral sacral crest

A

Fused transverse processes and transverse tubercles

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18
Q

Features that may be identified along lateral sacral crest

A

S1 transverse tubercle
Sacral tuberosity of S2
Transverse tubercles of S3-5

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19
Q

Name of joint formed by sacral tuberosity

A

Accessory sacro-iliac joint

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20
Q

Feature associated with transverse tubercle of S5

A

Inferior and lateral sacral angle

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21
Q

Muscles may attach to lateral sacral crest

A

Multifidis

Iliocostalis lumborum

22
Q

Muscle said to attach to dorsal surface of sacrum

A

Iliacus

23
Q

Feature identified on lateral surface of S1-S3

A

Auricular surface

24
Q

What is sacral promontory

A

Bulging anterior surface of superior epiphyseal rim of S1

25
Q

Continuation of anterior longitudinal ligament below S3 forms what lig

A

Anterior sacrococcygeal ligament

26
Q

Continuation of posterior longitudinal ligament below S3 forms what lig

A

Deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

27
Q

What form posterior boundary for 5th sacral spinal nerve IVF

A

Sacral cornu, coccygeal cornu, superficial posterior sacrococcygeal lig and intercornual lig

28
Q

What forms anterior boundary for 5th sacral spinal nerve IVF

A

S5 and Co1 bodies, deep posterior sacrococcygeal lig and IVD

29
Q

What ligament is attached to sacral hiatus

A

Superficial posterior sacrococcygeal lig

30
Q

Synovial joint surfaces present at sacrum

A

2 superior articular facets

2 auricular facets

31
Q

How many synovial joints present at sacrum

A

4

32
Q

Joint classifications present at sacrum

A

Fibrous syndesmosis
Cartilaginous symphysis
Synovial plane

33
Q

Homolog for posterior longitudinal ligament at S5

A

Deep posterior soacoroccygeal ligament

34
Q

Homolog for ligamentum flavum at S5

A

Superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

35
Q

What forms inferior boundary for spinal canal

A

Union of superficial posterior and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments

36
Q

Ligament formed by union of superficial and deep sacrococcygeal ligs at Co1

A

Posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

37
Q

Ligament divides sciatic foramen into greater and lesser sciatic foramina

A

Sacrospinous ligament

38
Q

Ligament has broad attachment along lateral margin of sacrum and coccyx and then attached to ischial tuberosity

A

Sacrotuberous lig

39
Q

Ligament represents thickening of fibrous capsule of sacro-iliac joint

A

Anterior sacro-iliac ligament

40
Q

Ligament is strongest of sacro-iliac ligs and is penetrated by dorsal rami of sacral nerves

A

Interosseous sacro-iliac lig

41
Q

What ligament will attach intermediate sacral crest of S1, lateral sacral crest of S2 to posterior superior iliac spine

A

Short posterior sacro-iliac lig

42
Q

Ligament attaches lateral sacral crest of S3 and S4 to posterior superior iliac spine

A

Long posterior sacro-iliac ligament

43
Q

Homolog for interior articular process and facet at S5

A

Sacral cornu

44
Q

Homolog for superior articular process and facet at Co1

A

Coccygeal cornu

45
Q

Homolog for capsular ligament at S5

A

Intercornual ligament

46
Q

When is ossification of coccyx completed

A

30

47
Q

Direction of fusion of coccygeal segments

A

Caudal to cranial

Co1 and Co2 are last to fuse

48
Q

Direction of coccygeal curve

A

Posterior (kyphotic)

49
Q

Major motion and range of motion for coccyx

A

Flexion — extension

5-20 degrees

50
Q

How many coccygeal nerve present in fetus

A

Typically 5 pairs

51
Q

How many coccygeal nerve present in the adult

A

Typically only 1

Spinal (27 decks)

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