Exam 2 Part 8

Question 1

Method to assess signs and symptoms of dysregulated laryngeal muscle activity; pressure using the index finger and thumb

Answer 1

Palpation

Question 2

What areas do you do palpations on?

Answer 2

Major horns of hyoid bone, superior cornu of thyroid cartilage, thyrohyoid space, anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

Question 3

Incorporates the patient perspective related to the voice disorder. Describes the physical, functional, and emotional implications.

Answer 3

Patient self assessment

Question 4

Why do we use clinical instruments (6)?

Answer 4

Identifies existence of a voice problem (detect/screen), differential source of the voice problem (diagnose), primary treatment tool (treat), assesses severity or stage or progression of the voice problem, determines success/failure of behavioral, surgical, medical interventions, reference to know the affects of voice therapy

Question 5

Includes the camera, microphone, electrode, flow or pressure transducers

Answer 5

Signal detection

Question 6

Filtering, amplification, digitalization

Answer 6

Signal manipulation/conditioning

Question 7

Numerical form, visual display, speaker; converting something that we are able to see/quantify

Answer 7

Signal reconversion

Question 8

Converting acoustic sound energy into mechanical energy, and then change it again into electronic energy.

Answer 8

Transduction (conversion of one form of energy into another form of energy)

Question 9

Increasing the magnitude of a signal, while keeping the waveform shape intact. A larger signal magnitude may be necessary for signal analysis or playback.

Answer 9

Amplification

Question 10

Exact magnitude of the amplification, usually expressed as ratio of signal input to signal output (after amplification); Difference between input signal and output signal

Answer 10

Gain

Question 11

The degree to which gain is constant across all input magnitudes. Non-linear means if the amplifier gain is not equal across all frequencies, which leads to signal distortions;

Answer 11

Amplifier linearity

Question 12

A signal distortion that occurs when amplification (gain) exceeds the linear limits of the microphone. The amplitude peaks of the waveform are cut off or flattened, and the resulting acoustic signal is both incomplete and inaccurate; microphone can handle 70 dB but speaker sends a 90 dB signal, signal is cut off and distorted

Answer 12

Peak clipping

Question 13

Range of frequencies that can be detected by a component. If the range is too small, then the signal will be distorted. 20 Hz – 20KHz; what is said

Answer 13

Frequency response

Question 14

Reshape the acoustic waveform to eliminate selected energy above or below a certain frequency range. Eg: low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass;

Answer 14

Filter

Question 15

Boost specific frequencies but do not touch other frequencies which causes distortions

Answer 15

Amplifying non-linearity

Question 16

Passes low frequencies and cuts off high frequencies

Answer 16

Low-pass

Question 17

Passes high frequencies and cuts off low frequencies

Answer 17

High-pass

Question 18

Passes a certain range of frequencies

Answer 18

Bad pass

Question 19

Conversion of analog signals into a digital format

Answer 19

Digitization

Question 20

What are the 2 steps of changing from an analogy to digital signal

Answer 20

Sampling, quantization