Exam 1 Part 14

Question 1

Swelling of the vocal folds

Answer 1

Vocal fold edema

Question 2

How would we treat a secondary abusive factor?

Answer 2

Focus on the primary problem first then try behavioral modification

Question 3

What are medical etiologies of voice disorders?

Answer 3

Surgical trauma (laryngectomy, palatal surgery), chronic illness (allergies, respiratory illness,smoking),

Question 4

What are examples of primary disorder etiologies?

Answer 4

Cleft palate, velopharyngeal insufficiency, deafness, CP, neurological disorders

Question 5

Major disorders with secondary vocal symptoms

Answer 5

Primary disorder etiologies

Question 6

Tensions/stress of daily life contribute to voice disorders

Answer 6

Personality-related etiologies

Question 7

What are examples of personality-related etiologies?

Answer 7

Anxiety, sudden loss of a love one, stress

Question 8

Total loss of voice

Answer 8

Aphonia

Question 9

Partial loss/abnormality of the voice

Answer 9

Dysphonia

Question 10

Hypertonicity that results in inappropriate use of vocal components

Answer 10

Muscle tension dysphonia

Question 11

Gender identity conflict

Answer 11

Gender dysphoria

Question 12

An individual’s quality, pitch, or loudness differed from voice characteristics according to age, gender, culture background, and geographical location

Answer 12

Voice disorder

Question 13

What are the etiologies of voice disorders?

Answer 13

Structural, medical, neurologic, psychological

Question 14

What 3 factors influence the prevalence of voice disorders?

Answer 14

Age, gender, occupation

Question 15

Chronic voice disorders are more common among what 3 groups?

Answer 15

Women, age 40-59, history of voice demands, reflux, chemical exposure, and frequent upper respiratory infections

Question 16

Any alteration in the histological structure of the vocal fold.

Answer 16

Structural pathology

Question 17

Voice quality depends on what 3 things?

Answer 17

Lesion, severity, habitual voice patterns, presence/absence of compensatory adjustments

Question 18

What are productive compensatory adjustments?

Answer 18

Improved breath support, enhance vocal tract tuning, appropriate changes in pitch/loudness

Question 19

If there is mass on the vocal fold, would it be worse to have it anteriorly (mucosal layer) or posteriorly (cartilage)?

Answer 19

Anteriorly

Question 20

What are maladaptive compensatory adjustments?

Answer 20

Extreme muscle activation/effort, poor tone focus, inappropriate changes in pitch/loudness