Exam 1 Part 9

Question 1

Newborns and children produce higher formant (resonance) frequencies than adults due to:

Answer 1

Shorter vocal tracts

Question 2

Newborns and children produce higher fundamental frequencies than adults due to:

Answer 2

Shorter and thinner vocal folds

Question 3

Fundamental frequency is related to what 3 elements of vocal fold tissue

Answer 3

Mass, length, tension

Question 4

Formant (resonance) frequency is related to vocal tract _____

Answer 4

Configuration (length, diameter, and area)

Question 5

The adult like five-layer vocal fold tissue is seen starting from the age of ____

Answer 5

13-14 years

Question 6

What are examples of geriatric laryngeal changes?

Answer 6

Deterioration of vocal quality, pitch, loudness, and endurance, bowed (thin) vocal folds, intermediate LP becomes loose and thin, broken elastin lamina propria

Question 7

Natural aging of the larynx

Answer 7

Presbylaryngeus

Question 8

Loss of __ decreases the elasticity and increases the unwanted stiffness in vocal folds, especially due to advanced aging.

Answer 8

Elastin

Question 9

Loss of tissues causes vocal fold thinning in geriatrics. Significant loss is seen in __ layer of lamina propria:

Answer 9

Intermediate layer

Question 10

T/F: Vocal fold bowing is commonly seen in elderly population due to significant tissue loss.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Glottal configuration commonly seen in presbylaryngeus:

Answer 11

Spindle shaped

Question 12

During the opening phase, the glottis has a _______ shape

Answer 12

Convergent

Question 13

When the vocal folds are maximally separated, the glottis has a ______ shape.

Answer 13

Rectangular

Question 14

During the closing phase, the glottis has a ______ shape.

Answer 14

Divergent