Exam 2 Part 11 Flashcards
Subglottic Pressure and Transglottal Flow indirectly assess what 2 things?
Laryngeal valving mechanism and vocal function
How do you find transglottal pressure?
Subglottal pressure minus supraglottal pressure
Minimum subtotal pressure needed to initiate vocal fold vibration
Phonation threshold pressure
For normal voicing, do we have higher or lower phonation threshold pressures (PTP)?
Lower
Why do we need to calibrate aerodynamic equipment
Can be easily manipulated by the environment (wind, background noise)
External calibrator we use to calibrate pressure
U-tube manometer
External calibrator we use to calibrate airflow rate
Rotameter
Instruments that measure speech aerodynamics exploit the integral and predictable relationship between the following: (3)
Pressure, flow, resistance
Uses differential pressure across a known resistance to estimate flow rate.
Pneumotachograph
What is Ohm’s law?
Voltage (flow) = current x resistance
Flow of electrons in Ohm’s law
Current
Flow from one side to another in Ohm’s law
Voltage
How do you find mean flow rate?
Flow divided by time
Total amount of flow during a given speech/voice task
Phonatory volume
Force beneath the adducted vocal folds
Subglottal air pressure
How do we measure subglottal pressure?
Measured/estimated indirectly using intraoral pressure during repeated productions of unvoiced /p/ + vowel syllable (e.g., /pi/).
Quotient of peak intraoral pressure (estimated from the production of an unvoiced /p/) divided by the peak flow rate (measured from the production of a vowel /i/) produced in a repeated train of /pi/ syllables
Laryngeal resistance (pressure gradients divided by flow rate)
A high laryngeal resistance indicates…
Hyperfunction (valve too tight) of glottal closure
A low laryngeal resistance indicates….
Hypofunction (valve too loose) insufficient glottal closure
An analysis technique applied to aerodynamic or acoustic signals to analyze glottal airflow
Inverse filtering
