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PSYC 1004 > Exam 2 - Consciousness > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Consciousness Flashcards

1
Q

Consciousness is defined as…

A

Our subjective awareness of thoughts.

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2
Q

All the things we might think about or perceive if we attended to them comprise our…

A

Awareness

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3
Q

The “cocktail party phenomenon” describes how…

A

To a certain extent, we can pay attention to more than one conversation at once

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4
Q

The “cocktail party phenomenon” indicates that…

A

Consciousness and awareness are momentary

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5
Q

____’s theories were based on a fairly small proportion of the population at a particular time.

A

Sigmund Freud

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6
Q

List two of Freud’s theories that are seen as having some merit today, and one that is seen as baseless.

A

Have merit:
1. Concept of ego/id
2. Idea that dreams have meaning
Baseless:
1. Oedipus/Electra complex

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7
Q

The Freudian model of the ____, ____, and ____ suggests that we all have within us basic sexual and aggressive energies.

A

Id, Ego, Superego

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8
Q

List five characteristics of the “id” according to Freud.

A
  1. Based off “I want”
  2. Instinctive sexual/aggressive energy
  3. Works on the “pleasure principle”
  4. Irrational and selfish
  5. Doesn’t think about what is realistic
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9
Q

The “pleasure principle” describes the…

A

Immediate gratification of desires

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10
Q

List the three characteristics of the “superego”.

A
  1. Acts as the balance to the id
  2. Ideas, morals, and conscience
  3. Concerned with right and wrong
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11
Q

List three characteristics of the “ego”.

A
  1. Acts as a manager
  2. Works on the reality principle
  3. Controls the id and keeps it in check
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12
Q

____ is replacing a socially unacceptable want or activity with one that is socially acceptable.

A

Sublimation

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13
Q

____ processes are those that a person is subjectively aware of.

A

Conscious

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14
Q

Freud believed that ____ processes made up a minority of mental processes.

A

Conscious

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15
Q

____ processes are those that are not actively conscious but could quickly become so.

A

Preconscious

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16
Q

____ processes are inaccessible to the conscious mind because they have been repressed.

A

Unconscious

17
Q

List three ways in which some psychoanalysts believe unconscious thoughts and emotions may enter our conscious minds.

A
  1. Dreams
  2. Rorschach tests
  3. Freudian slips
18
Q

List two opposing viewpoints on dream analysis.

A
  1. Dreams are the “royal road” into the unconscious mind.
  2. Dreams may be interesting but are not diagnostically useful.
19
Q

List two opposing viewpoints on Rorschach tests (inkblot tests).

A
  1. A person’s response to an ambiguous image uncovers unconscious thoughts.
  2. There are better and more multifaceted ways of diagnosing disorders.
20
Q

List two opposing viewpoints of Freudian slips (verbal mistakes).

A
  1. These reveal repressed memories or things we are trying to avoid.
  2. We make verbal mistakes simply because we talk a lot or get distracted.
21
Q

Freud believed that the ____ is the majority.

A

Unconscious mind

22
Q

According to the iceberg model, the area above the water represents the…

A

Conscious mind
(some of Ego and Superego)

23
Q

According to the iceberg model, the top third of the underwater portion represents the…

A

Preconscious mind
(most of Ego and Superego)

24
Q

According to the iceberg model, the bottom half of the underwater portion represents the…

A

Unconscious mind
(some of Ego and Superego, and all of Id)

25
Q

According to Freud, the ego is the…

A

Executive mediator

26
Q

According to Freud, the superego is the…

A

Internalized ideals

27
Q

According to Freud, the id is the…

A

Inaccessible psychic energy.

28
Q

List four possibilities for why we sleep.

A
  1. We’re tired
  2. Keeps us away from trouble/harm
  3. Can aid the immune system
  4. Helps consolidate memories and repair neurons
29
Q

Our sleep cycle is based on internal patterns of bodily functions over a 24-hour cycle called the…

A

Circadian rhythm

30
Q

The ____ is an area of the hypothalamus critical to circadian rhythms.

A

Superchiasmatic nucleus
(SCN)

31
Q

List three things that can result from disruptions to our circadian rhythm.

A
  1. Unclear thinking
  2. Inattentiveness
  3. Feeling sleepy
32
Q

Devices that graphically record brain-wave activity through electrodes on the scalp and forehead are called…

A

EEGs

33
Q

List the five stages of sleep, as defined by EEG waves.

A
  1. The awake brain
  2. Stage 1 sleep (NREM Alpha)
  3. Stage 2 Sleep (NREM Theta)
  4. Stage 3 Sleep (NREM Delta) (Deep Sleep)
  5. REM (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep
34
Q

The “awake brain” is defined by…

A

High and mixed frequencies with low amplitude

35
Q

Stage 1 sleep is defined by…

A

High and mixed frequencies with low amplitude

36
Q

Stage 2 sleep is defined by…

A

High frequencies and low amplitude, with some “sleep spindles” or “k-complexes”

37
Q

Stage 3 sleep (deep sleep) is defined by…

A

Low frequencies and high amplitude

38
Q

REM sleep is defined by…

A

High frequencies and low amplitude

39
Q
A

PSYC 1004 (11 decks)

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