ERYSIPELOTHRIX Flashcards
Other term for Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Swine rotlauf bacillus
Common disease caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Swine erysipelas in young pigs
What are the disease forms of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?
- Diamond skin disease
- Septicemia
- Polyarthritis
- Endocarditis
- Abortion
What do you call the skin lesions in human caused by E. rhusiopathiae?
Erysipeloid
Give the morphology of E. rhusiopathiae.
- Gram (+) but easily decolorized and stain unevenly
- Rough forms exhibit long filaments
- No spores, no flagella
- Cell wall does not contain DL-diaminopimelic acid (differentiated
from L. monocytogenes)
On BAP, what discoloration does E. rhusiopathiae induces?
First a greenish discoloration and later a definite clearing
Colonies of E. rhusiopathiae appear what form on serum or blood agar?
Tiny, clear, and glistening
How many serotypes of E. rhusiopathiae are existing? What types are most commonly found in cases of septicemia and in tonsils?
22 serotypes; 1 and 2
What is the protective antigen of E. rhusiopathiae?
Glycoprotein
E. rhusiopathiae is common in areas with acidic soil. True or Fale?
False, alkaline
E. rhusiopathiae is resistant to drying, smoking, pickling, and salting. True or False?
True
E. rhusiopathiae is commonly caried in what body structures?
- Tonsils
- Reticuloendothelial tissue
What are the predisposing factors of E. rhusiopathiae infection?
Excessive heat and humidity
Give the route of infection of E. rhusiopathiae.
- Oral
- Skin scarification
Give the form of E. rhusiopathiae with the given conditions:
- Deep red patches on skin particularly in ears, abdomen, inside
of legs - Spleen and lymph nodes enlarged and reddened
- Stomach and intestines inflamed, hemorrhagic
- Kidneys with ecchymotic hemorrhages
- High mortality
Acute
Give the form of E. rhusiopathiae with the given conditions:
- Urticarial skin lesions -> red rhomboidal blotches in abdomen -
> diamond-shaped (diamond skin disease) -> areas become
necrotic _> dries into dense scabs and peel off -> bleeding if
removed too soon
Less severe form
Give the form of E. rhusiopathiae with the given conditions:
- Increased levels of SGOT and marked hypoglycemia
- Increased RBC destruction, decreased Hb and PCV
- Late stages spleen enlarged and pulpy
- Hemagglutinating activity
- Neuramidase associated with generalized coagulopathy -> thrombi
in blood vessels, fibrin in joints, heart valves and muscles - High fever due to endotoxin, a glycoprotein which produces shock effect
Severe septicemic phase
Give the form of E. rhusiopathiae with the given conditions:
- Vegetative endocarditis -> mitral valves eroded and covered with
fibrin deposits -> functioning seriously impaired
Chronic form
Give the form of E. rhusiopathiae with the given conditions:
- Older animals, sequel to more acute forms of disease
- Joint enlarged and painful -> reluctant to move , gaits stilted, growth
stunted - Synovial lining hypertrophy with villous projections into joint space
- Erosion of cartilage, increase in synovial fluid with high neutrophil
content - As disease advances, organism difficult to isolate
- More severe in vaccinated swine and with autoantibodies
(rheumatoid factor)
Arthritic form
Give the diseases induced by E. rhusiopathiae in sheep.
- Polyarthritis
(route of entry: docking and castration)
Give the diseases induced by E. rhusiopathiae in cattle.
- Arthritis: tibio-tarsal, stifle, carpal joints
Give the diseases induced by E. rhusiopathiae in birds.
- Bluecomb, cyanotic skin
- Droopy, develop diarrhea and die
- Massive hemorrhage and petechiae in muscles of breast and legs
Give the diseases induced by E. rhusiopathiae in lab animals
- White mice highly susceptible (??)
Give the diseases induced by E. rhusiopathiae in aquatic animals.
Crocodile, bottle nosed dolphins
Give the immunization methods against E. rhusiopathiae.
- Protective immunity: serum and cell-mediated
- Growth-agglutination test Wachstumsprobe test
- First attenuated vaccine by Pasteur and Thiullier
- EVA erysipelas vaccine avirulent -> attenuated vaccine
- Killed vaccines
Give the diagnoses of Erysipelas.
- Bright and alert
- Continue to eat
- Not common
- Spleen enlarged, bluish-red
- Stomach highly inflamed, dark, bluish
- Lymph node not congested
- Ecchymoses
Human erysipeloid and erysipelas is caused by what bacteria?
Hemolytic streptococci sp.
