Epithelia Flashcards

1
Q

How many cell layers do simple epithelia have?

A

A single layer of cells

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2
Q

How many cell layers do stratified epithelia have?

A

Many layers of cells

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3
Q

Appearance of simple squamous

A

Thin scales

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4
Q

Specialisation of simple squamous

A

Facilitated rapid passage of molecules

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5
Q

Appearance of simple cuboidal

A

Fat cells with nuclei in the middle of the cells

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6
Q

Function of simple cuboidal

A

Secretion and absorption of molecules via active transport

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7
Q

Appearance of simple columnar

A

With cilia (on apical side) or without cilia
Longer cells with nuclei at lower

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8
Q

Function of simple columnar

A

Absorption/secretion of molecules via active transport
Removal of respiratory particle matter
Line fallopian tubes

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9
Q

Appearance of pseudostratified columnar

A

Single cell layer with multilayer appearance
Nuclei reside at different levels
Ciliated cells interspersed with goblet cells
Basal membrane

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10
Q

Appearance of stratified squamous

A

Apical = squamous
Basal = cuboidal/columnar

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11
Q

Where do stratified squamous cells reside?

A

In areas of high abrasion
Keratinised in skin upper layers
Non keratinised in oesophagus

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12
Q

Appearance of stratified cuboidal

A

Nuclei present fat

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13
Q

Where do stratified cuboidal cells reside?

A

In glands

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14
Q

Function of stratified columnar

A

Allow tissues to stretch or contract

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15
Q

Where do stratified columnar cells reside?

A

Conjunctiva, pharynx, anus, male urethra and embryo

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16
Q

Appearance of transitional cells

A

Cells are round when relaxed
Flat when contracted

17
Q

Function of transitional cells

A

Facilitates shape change in distension without damaging epithelial lining

18
Q

Where are mucus secretions produced?

A

Mucus gland

19
Q

Where are protein secretions produced?

A

Serous gland

20
Q

Where are ductless secretions produced for?

A

The endocrine system

21
Q

Where are duct secretions produced for?

A

The exocrine system

22
Q

What cells are unicellular secretions released from?

A

Goblet cells

23
Q

What cells are multicellular secretions released from?

A

Acinar/acinus cells

24
Q

What is the function of the basement membrane?

A

Separates the epithelia from underlying connective tissue
Provides mechanical strength

25
What is the basal lamina spilt into?
Lucida and Densa
26
Where does the reticular lamina reside?
Under the basal lamina Fibres anchor the basal lamina to collagen or elastin
27
How to lateral cell to cell communications occur?
Via Gap junctions
28
What filament allows for contraction?
Myosin filaments
29
What is linked by adhesion junctions?
Stress bearing cytoskeleton links cells to cell via adhesion junctions
30
How long does interstial self-renewal take?
5 days
31
How long does the interfollicular epidermis take ?
4 weeks
32
How long does renewal of lung epithelium take?
up to 6 months
33
What does adherens junction connect?
Actin filament bundles in 1 cell to the next
34
What do desmosomes connect?
Intermediate filaments (cells with high mechanical stress)
35
What do hemidesmosomes connect?
Anchors intermediate filaments to extracellular matrix
36
What do tight junctions connect?
Seals the gap between epithelial cells on apical surface
37
What do tight junctions connect?
Seals the gap between epithelial cells on apical surface
38
What induces formation of epithelium?
Switched expression of cadherins inducing mesenchymal cells (fibroblasts) to form epithelium