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Phys, pharm > Absorption and secretion > Flashcards

Absorption and secretion Flashcards

1
Q

What does the mouth secrete?

A

Alpha amylase
Lingual lipase
Kallikrein
Mucus

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2
Q

What does the oesophagus secret?

A

Mucus
HCO3-

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3
Q

What does the stomach secrete?

A

HCl
Pepsinogen
Intrinsic factor
Mucus

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4
Q

What does the small intestine secrete?

A

Mucus
HCO3-

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5
Q

What does the large intestine secrete?

A

Mucus

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6
Q

Where are secretions formed in the stomach?

A

The mucosal layer

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7
Q

Describe the structure of an oxyntic gland and their secretions

A

Epithelia cells - HCO3-
Mucosal neck cells - Mucus
Parietal cells - HCl, Intrinsic factor
Chief cells - Pepsinogen

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8
Q

Describe the pyloric gland and their secretions

A

Epithelial - HCO3-
Mucosal neck cells - Mucus
Chief cells - Pepsinogen
G cells - Gastrin
D cells - somatostatin

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9
Q

What is secreted in a gastric parietal cell apical lumen?

A

HCl

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10
Q

What stimulates H+ secretion?

A

Histamine
ACh
Gastrin

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11
Q

What inhibits H+ secretion?

A

Low pH
Somatostatin
Prostaglandins

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12
Q

What electrolytes do si and li absorb fluid?

A

Na+
K+
Cl-
HCO3-

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13
Q

What cells in the si and li absorb electrolytes?

A

Villus cells
Surface epithelia

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14
Q

What cells in the si absorb hydrolysed food?

A

Luminal and brush border enzymes

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15
Q

Function of crypt epithelial cells?

A

Secrete fluid and electrolytes for protection

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16
Q

What transport mechanism do intestines use?

A

Transcellular or paracellular

17
Q

What digestive products are absorbed into the villus blood the jejunum and ileum of si?

A

Carbohydrases -
Alpha amylase
Alpha dextrinase
Maltase
Sucrase
Lactase
Trehelase

Proteases -
Pepsin
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Elastase
Carboxypeptidases

18
Q

Where does lipid hydrolysis occur?

A

In the jejunum and duodenum

19
Q

What are the products of lipid absorption?

A

Cholesterol
Lysophospholipids
Monoglycerides
Free fatty acids solubilised in mixed micelles

20
Q

What specialisation aids absorption across the luminal surface of enterocyte?

A

The micelle exterior is lined with amphipathic bile salts

21
Q

What happens to products of lipid absorption?

A

Products are re-esterified with free fatty acids in SER
Packaged into chylomicrons
Cross basolateral membrane and absorbed into lacteals

22
Q

Where are products of carbohydrate and protein digestion absorbed into?

A

The blood

Phys, pharm (31 decks)

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