Endodontics - protaper

Question 1

What is the protaper filing system

Answer 1

sequential process which creates a reproducible shape in every canal

Question 2

What are protaper hand files made of

Answer 2

nickel titanium

Question 3

What is advantageous about the use of nickel titanium in these files

Answer 3

they can be strained more than other alloys before permanent deformation
useful for curved canals

Question 4

What are the S files for

Answer 4

shaping

they are used initially used to create a great taper in the canal

Question 4

What are the S files for

Answer 4

shaping

they are used initially used to create a great taper in the canal

Question 5

What order do we use the S files in (protaper)

Answer 5

S1 first

S2 second

Question 6

What is S1 made to prepare

Answer 6

the coronal 1/3

Question 7

What is S2 made to prepare

Answer 7

the middle third

Question 8

Why do the S files not prepare the apical portion

Answer 8

their apical portion are much less tapered and so remain passive

Question 9

How many protaper files are there in the series

Answer 9

8 files

Question 10

What motions can we use with protaper

Answer 10

balanced force

reaming motion

Question 11

What is balanced force

Answer 11

put pressure and bind dentine by turning the instrument clockwise with a ¼ turn and then go anti clockwise with a ½ turn to strip the dentine

Question 12

What is reaming motion

Answer 12

lightly engaging dentine by gently rotating clockwise by approx 90 degrees with light apical pressure until file is just snug. Then cut dentine by rotating the handle clockwise and removing it at the same time. Repeat motion 3 times before withdrawing and irrigating

Question 13

What is SX

Answer 13

an accessory file

Question 14

What is SX used for

Answer 14

removal of coronal dentine in canal orifice only

shouldnt need to be used most the time

Question 15

When would SX be useful

Answer 15

in short canals where S1 will not be effective

Question 16

What are the F files for

Answer 16

F for finishing

they prepare the apical third and are responsible for the variable taper of the canal

Question 17

W

Question 18

How are the F files used

Answer 18

they are used in sequence until an apical stop is established at the CWL

Question 19

What F file can we ideally get up to

Answer 19

F2 is sufficient but F3 will result in improved irrigant exchange

Question 20

What should be done if the canal apical diameter exceeds the F series

Answer 20

turn to K files

Question 21

What is the sequence for protaper

Answer 21

K10-15 file used to irrigate and recapitulate

S1 file is then taken 2/3 into the canal to create an initial opening

SX file used to remove any ledges and widen if required

The K10-15 files are then used to take the CWL Radiograph and for an apex locator if required

S1 file is then taken to CWL until no further resistance is noted

S2 file is then taken to CWL until no further resistance is noted

F system is then use to create the variable taper, beginning with F1 and working sequentially upwards until CWL is reached

F3 and up are used only if required

Apical gauging is then carried out and corrected if there is a large patency