Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS3 OSCE > Endodontics - materials > Flashcards

Endodontics - materials Flashcards

1
Q

What irrigants are used in GDH

A
  • sodium hypochlorite
  • edta
  • chlorhexidine digluconate
  • sterile saline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the brand name for the sodium hypochlorite used within the dental school

A

parcan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What concentration is the sodium hypochlorite used in the GDH

A

3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is sodium hypochlorite’s mode of action

A
  • ionises in water to produce sodium ion and hypochlorite forming an equilibria with hypochlorous acid
  • above ph9 hypochlorite predominates and is responsible for the anti bacterial activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the purpose of sodium hypochlorite

A
  • potent antimicrobial activity
  • dissolves pulp remnants and collagen
  • disrupts the smear layer by acting on the organic component
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What makes sodium hypochlorite better than other irrigants

A

it is the only one that dissolves both necrotic and vital tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the protocol for sodium hypochlorite

A
  1. 3% rinse with NaOCl throughout instrumentation
  2. 30ml rinse once instrumentation is complete for at least 10 minutes prior to obturation
  3. final rinse after EDTA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What concentration of sodium hypochlorite provides effective antimicrobial activity

A

0.5-6%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the risks associated with sodium hypochlorite

A
  1. effects on dentine integrity
  2. cannot disrupt the smear layer itself
  3. effect on organic material
  4. extrusion into surrounding tissues
  5. opthalmic issue if contact with eyes
  6. allergic reaction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What factors of sodium hypochlorite are important for its function

A
  • concentration
  • volume
  • contact
  • mechanical agitation
  • exchange
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

You are mid-way through your RCT and your patient starts complaining of pain and you notice swelling

What are these symptoms indicative of

A

they are symptoms of hypochlorite extrusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are symptoms of hypochlorite extrusion

A
  • pain
  • swelling
  • ecchymosis
  • hemorrhage
  • neurological complications
  • airway obsructions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are risk factors for extrusion

A
  • excessive pressure during irrigation
  • needle locked within canal
  • loss of control of working length
  • larger apical diameters/constrictions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How should you manage an extrusion

A

STOP

use steroid containing intracanal medicament and place it in root canal

do not use pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What concentration of EDTA is used

A

17%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the purpose of EDTA

A

removing the smear layer

it is a chelating agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the protocol for EDTA

A

1 minute penultimate rinse with EDTA before NaOCl final rinse to remove smear layer formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What should EDTA not be used at the same time with

A

NaOCl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why should hypochlorite and EDTA not be used at the same time

A
  • hypochlorite is a demineralizing agent and EDTA is a chelating agent so the two used together will have a profound impact on the dentine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the two concentrations of chlorhexidine used within the dental school

A

0.2% and 2%

21
Q

What is the function of 0.2% chlorhexidine

A

to test the dental dam seal

to disinfect the tooth surface

22
Q

What is the brand name for 0.2% chlorhexidine

A

corsodyl

23
Q

What is the mode of action of chlorhexidine

A
  • positively charged CHX molecules are attracted to the negatively charged phospholipids in the cell wall
  • this causes the CHX to bind and cause the cell wall to rupture
  • the cytoplasm then leaks causing cell death
24
Q

What are the properties of chlorhexidine as an irrigant

A
  • antibacterial activity shows conflicting results
  • less antifungal acitvity than NaOCl
  • somewhat active against biofilms but unable to disrupt them
  • absorption of CHX prevents microbial colonisation beyond the time of application, varying times of up to 12 weeks
25
Q

What is the protocol for chlorhexidine

A

replace with CHX

26
Q

What are risks associated with chlorhexidine

A
  • biocompatiibility is considered acceptable but CHX sensitivity is possible
  • risk of anaphylaxis
  • potential interaction with NaOCl - DANGEROUS
27
Q

Why shouldnt NaOCl and chlorhexidine be used at together

A

together they form para-chloraniline and it is cytotoxic and carcinogenic

28
Q

What should be done after doing the 10 minute soak with NaOCl

A

EDTA but first dry with paper points

29
Q

What is the brand name for sterile saline

A

baxter

30
Q

What is sterile saline used for

A

washing out canal after hypochlorite accident is supected

31
Q

What are the different intra canal medicaments

A

antimicrobial paste

non setting caoh

inter appointment temp dressing

32
Q

What is the brand name for antimicrobial paste

A

odontopaste

33
Q

What are the contents of odontopaste

A

corticosteroid for anti-inflammatory

tetracycline antiobiotic paste

34
Q

What is the purpose of antimicrobial paste

A

hot pulp - will allow for instrumentation next appointment

Hot pulp = pulp so imflamed that you can’t achieve anaesthesia

35
Q

How long is antimicrobial paste effective for

A

5-7 days

36
Q

What are the useful properties of CaOh as a intra canal medicament

A
  • high pH to reduce bacterial activity
  • prolonged antibacterial activity
  • hydrolysis of LPS to reduce inflammatory potential
  • effective for removing tissue debris
  • combined with NaOCl it improves cleaning ability
37
Q

What are the different inter appointment temporary dressings

A
  1. cavit
  2. irm
  3. GIC
  4. coltosol (removed with ultrasonic)
38
Q

What does an inter appointment temp dressing go

A

seals the canal between appointments to prevent bacteiral ingress

39
Q

What are the contents of GP

A
  • 20% GP
  • 65% ZnO
  • 10% radiopacifier
  • 5% plasticiser
40
Q

What is the purpose of gutta purcha

A
  • fill the root canal system in 3 directions
  • fill space
  • prevent bacterial colonisation
41
Q

What are the different sealers

A
  • ZOE
  • GI sealer
  • resin sealer
  • calcium silicate sealer
42
Q

What is the purpose of sealer

A
  • fill the space between dentine, wall and core
  • fill voids, irregularities, lateral canals and between GP points
  • lubricates GP cones for obturation
43
Q

Why is ZOE good as a sealer

A

effective antimicrobial effect

offers cytoprotection

strongly cytotoxic

44
Q

What is the good things about GI sealer

A

dentine bonding properties

45
Q

What are the good things about resin sealer

A
  • slow set of 8 hours
  • good sealing ability
  • good flow
  • initial toxicity declining after 34h
  • hydrpohilic so good penetration into tubules
  • biocompatible
  • good radiopacity
46
Q

What are the good things about calcium silicate as a sealer

A
  • high ph 12.8 in initial 24h set
  • hydrophilic
  • enhanced biocompatibility
  • does not shrink on setting
  • non-resorbable
  • excellent sealing ability
  • quick set
  • easy to use
47
Q

What are the limitations of ZOE as a sealer

A
  • free eugenol remains and can act as an irritant
  • loses volume over time due to dissolution
  • hard to remove from the canal
48
Q

What are limitations of glass ionomer sealer

A
  • minimal antimicrobial activity
  • greater solubility
  • removal is difficult
  • little clinical data to support its use

BDS3 OSCE (65 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions