Cardiovascular conditions - angina & MI Flashcards
What is angina pectoris
reversible ischaemia of the heart
What are the two types of angina
stable
unstable
What is unstable angina
symptoms that occur at rest with no biomarkers but is not an MI
What is stable angina
pain that comes on with exercise but relieved at rest
What are symptoms of angina
- Central crushing chest pain
- Can radiate to the arm, back and jaw
What drugs would you expect to see with a patient who has angina
- aspirin
- hypertension drugs e.g diuretics, ACE inhibitors
- nitrates
In the emergency setting, what would you give a patient having an angina attack
oxygen & GTN
What is the common cause of an MI
usually an atheroma in the vessels rupturing causing platelets to aggregate which causes a thrombosis and can block the blood vessel
can be a coronary artery atheroma or can also occur in any vessel to then become dislodged and get stuck in a coronary vessel causing an MI
What are symptoms of MI
- Central crushing pain in chest - radiates down left arm
- Nausea
- Pale
- Sweaty
In the emergency setting what would you give a patient having a suspected MI
aspirin & oxygen
What drugs would you expect to see in a patient who has had an MI previously
aspirin
statins
beta blockers
ACE inhibitors
Why would we expect to see aspirin & other anti platelet drugs
reduce clotting risk
dual anti platelet therapy seen when patients have had stent put in
What is the function of the statins
reduce cholesterol levels
What is the function of beta blockers
to reduce blood pressure and reduce likelihood of abnormal heart rhythms
