Endocrine System and Hormone Regulation - Q&A

Question 1

Which part of the pituitary gland is located anteriorly?

Answer 1

Adenohypophysis

Question 2

Which part of the Adenohypophysis is responsible for the growth hormone?

Answer 2

Pars Anterior

Question 3

Which hormone is produced in the Neurohypophysis? (more than one correct)

• Growth hormone
• ADH
• LH/FSH
• Oxytocin

Answer 3

ADH

Oxytocin

Question 4

Which nuclei is not located in the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus?

• Suprachiasmatic
• Supraoptic
• Preoptic nuclei
• Paraventricular

Answer 4

Preoptic nuclei

Question 5

The thyroid extends from?

Answer 5

C5-T1

Question 6

The parathyroid monitor Ca2+ levels through which type of control?

Answer 6

Humoral stimuli

Question 7

Which information is WRONG regarding melatonin?

• It’s an antioxidant derived from serotonin
• Peak levels occur during night time
• It’s produced in the pineal gland
• Peak levels occur during day time

Answer 7

Peak levels occur during day time

Question 8

Which role is NOT related to growth hormone?

• Glucose sparing effect
• Production of follicles
• Diabetogenic effect
• Production of IGFs

Answer 8

Production of follicles

Question 9

Which information is correct, related to corticotropin releasing hormone?

• Peak level is prior to sleep cycle
• Peak level is in the evening
• Peak level is in the morning
• Peak level is before waking up

Answer 9

Peak level is before waking up

Question 10

Which information is WRONG related to LH hormone?

• In women, works with FSH for ovarian maturation.
• In women, synthesis of ovarian hormone.
• Is not produced in males.
• In males, produces testosterone.

Answer 10

Is not produced in males.

Question 11

Which information is WRONG related to prolactin hormone?

• In women, rise with estrogen blood levels
• Infant’s suckling is an inhibitor
• Infant’s suckling is a stimulator
• PRL rises for milk production at the end of pregnancy

Answer 11

Infant’s suckling is an inhibitor.

Question 12

Which information is WRONG related to oxytocin hormone?

• Produced in the adenohypophysis
• Stimulant for uterin contraction
• Has a role in sexual satisfaction
• Has a link with prolactin for milk production

Answer 12

Produced in the adenohypophysis

Question 13

Which information is NOT a mechanism for aldosterone production?

• Decrease blood pressure
• Increased level of potassium
• Decreased level of potassium
• Increased stress situation

Answer 13

Decreased level of potassium

Question 14

In the pancreas, which hormone is hyperglycemic?

Answer 14

Glucagon

Question 15

Which phase of the menstrual cycle has positive feedback?

Answer 15

Ovulation

Question 16

Which of these information is NOT adequate for testosterone?

• Formation of spermatozoids
• Growth of external genitals
• Derived from FSH
• Deepening of the voice

Answer 16

Derived from FSH

Question 17

Explain the role of glucagon.

Answer 17

The major target of glucagon is the liver, where it promotes the following actions:
Breakdown of glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis) Synthesis of glucose from lactic acid and from noncarbo- hydrate molecules (gluconeogenesis)
Release of glucose to the blood by liver cells, causing blood glucose levels to rise

Question 18

Name 3 normal physiological effects of the thyroid hormone

Answer 18

Promotes normal oxygen use temperature regulation and BMR; calorigenesis; enhances effects of sympathetic nervous system
Carbohydrate/lipid/protein Promotes glucose catabolism; metabolism mobilizes fats; essential for protein synthesis; enhances liver’s synthesis of cholesterolCarbohydrate/lipid/protein

Question 19

In which phase of the menstrual cycle, do we observe a negative feedback from estrogen?

Answer 19

Most of cycle except ovulation period

Question 20

From the PIH releasing hormone, what are the pituitary hormone the target and the effects?

Answer 20

Pituitary hormone: PRL Target: mammary glands

Promotes milk production