Endocrine System and Hormone Regulation - Q&A Flashcards
Which part of the pituitary gland is located anteriorly?
Adenohypophysis
Which part of the Adenohypophysis is responsible for the growth hormone?
Pars Anterior
Which hormone is produced in the Neurohypophysis? (more than one correct)
- Growth hormone
- ADH
- LH/FSH
- Oxytocin
ADH
Oxytocin
Which nuclei is not located in the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus?
- Suprachiasmatic
- Supraoptic
- Preoptic nuclei
- Paraventricular
Preoptic nuclei
The thyroid extends from?
C5-T1
The parathyroid monitor Ca2+ levels through which type of control?
Humoral stimuli
Which information is WRONG regarding melatonin?
- It’s an antioxidant derived from serotonin
- Peak levels occur during night time
- It’s produced in the pineal gland
- Peak levels occur during day time
Peak levels occur during day time
Which role is NOT related to growth hormone?
- Glucose sparing effect
- Production of follicles
- Diabetogenic effect
- Production of IGFs
Production of follicles
Which information is correct, related to corticotropin releasing hormone?
- Peak level is prior to sleep cycle
- Peak level is in the evening
- Peak level is in the morning
- Peak level is before waking up
Peak level is before waking up
Which information is WRONG related to LH hormone?
- In women, works with FSH for ovarian maturation.
- In women, synthesis of ovarian hormone.
- Is not produced in males.
- In males, produces testosterone.
Is not produced in males.
Which information is WRONG related to prolactin hormone?
- In women, rise with estrogen blood levels
- Infant’s suckling is an inhibitor
- Infant’s suckling is a stimulator
- PRL rises for milk production at the end of pregnancy
Infant’s suckling is an inhibitor.
Which information is WRONG related to oxytocin hormone?
- Produced in the adenohypophysis
- Stimulant for uterin contraction
- Has a role in sexual satisfaction
- Has a link with prolactin for milk production
Produced in the adenohypophysis
Which information is NOT a mechanism for aldosterone production?
- Decrease blood pressure
- Increased level of potassium
- Decreased level of potassium
- Increased stress situation
Decreased level of potassium
In the pancreas, which hormone is hyperglycemic?
Glucagon
Which phase of the menstrual cycle has positive feedback?
Ovulation
Which of these information is NOT adequate for testosterone?
- Formation of spermatozoids
- Growth of external genitals
- Derived from FSH
- Deepening of the voice
Derived from FSH
Explain the role of glucagon.
The major target of glucagon is the liver, where it promotes the following actions:
Breakdown of glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis) Synthesis of glucose from lactic acid and from noncarbo- hydrate molecules (gluconeogenesis)
Release of glucose to the blood by liver cells, causing blood glucose levels to rise
Name 3 normal physiological effects of the thyroid hormone
Promotes normal oxygen use temperature regulation and BMR; calorigenesis; enhances effects of sympathetic nervous system
Carbohydrate/lipid/protein Promotes glucose catabolism; metabolism mobilizes fats; essential for protein synthesis; enhances liver’s synthesis of cholesterolCarbohydrate/lipid/protein
In which phase of the menstrual cycle, do we observe a negative feedback from estrogen?
Most of cycle except ovulation period
From the PIH releasing hormone, what are the pituitary hormone the target and the effects?
Pituitary hormone: PRL Target: mammary glands
Promotes milk production
