Digestive System Physiology - Q&A

Question 1

What is the usual site of ingestion?

Answer 1

The mouth

Question 2

Which essential digestive activity actually moves nutrients from the outside to the inside of the body?

Answer 2

Absorption

Question 3

What is the name of the movement moving food along the small intestine?

Answer 3

Segmentation

Question 4

In which organ are haustral contractions unique movement?

Answer 4

Large intestine

Question 5

Where is the site of production of Cholecystokinin (CCK)?

Answer 5

Duodenal mucosa

Question 6

What is a stimulus for the production of secretin?

• Glucose intake
• Increase in pH
• Acidic Chyme
• Food in stomach

Answer 6

Acidic Chyme

Question 7

Where does the chemical digestion of starch start?

Answer 7

Mouth

Question 8

What product is necessary for emulsification process of fat digestion?

• CCK
• Pancreatic amylase
• Secretin
• Bile salts

Answer 8

Bile salts

Question 9

Which receptors are activated in the mouth when vinegar or citrus food are taken?

Answer 9

Chemoreceptors

Question 10

Which organ is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12?

Answer 10

Stomach

Question 11

In the cephalic phase of gastric secretion:

• The stimulation by taste activates the cerebral cortex
• The stimulation by sight activates the cerebral cortex
• The loss of appetite triggers the hypothalamus
• All answers are wrong

Answer 11

Stimulation by sight activates the cerebral cortex.

Question 12

In the gastric phase of gastric secretion:

• The distension of the stomach activates G-cells
• The decrease in pH activates G-cells
• Rising pH activates G-cells
• All answers are wrong

Answer 12

The rising pH activates G-cells.

Question 13

TRUE/FALSE - Gastrin is the enzyme secreted by stomach gland secretion?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

TRUE/FALSE - The internal stomach pressure is constant until about 3L of food has been ingested.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

TRUE/FALSE - Food in the stomach activates the gastroileal reflex in the small intestine and the gastrocolic reflex in the colon.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

TRUE/FALSE - Vitamin K and B are absorbed in the small intestine.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

TRUE/FALSE - Pepsin is necessary for protein digestion.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

TRUE/FALSE - Chemical digestion ends in the small intestine.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What is the process of swallowing?

Answer 19

1. Buccal phase: tongue pushes bolus into oropharynx (voluntary)
2. Pharyngeal phases: presence of bolus in oropharynx stimulate skeletal muscle contraction that pushes bolus into esophagus.
3. Esophageal phase: perisaltic waves of contraction push bolus to lower esophageal sphincter & into stomach require 9 sec.

Question 20

How are the respiratory passages blocked during swallowing?

Answer 20

The epiglottis will cover the air-only passage when we swallow, keeping food and liquid from going into the lungs.

Question 21

Two substances secreted by cells of the gastric glands are needed to produce the active protein-digesting enzyme pepsin. What are these substances and what cells secrete them?Name the three phases of gastric secretion.

Answer 21

The cheif cells produce pepsinogen, which is the inactive pepsin enzyme and the parietal cells secrete HCl needed to activate pepsinogen.

Question 22

Name the three phases of gastric secretion.

Answer 22

Cephalic, Gastric, Intestinal

Question 23

How does the presence of food in the small intestine inhibit gastric secretion and motility?

Answer 23

The presence of food in the duodenum inhibits gastric activity by triggering the enterogasteric reflex and the secretion of certain entergastrones.

Question 24

What is the result of stimulation of stretch receptors in the rectal walls?

Answer 24

Initiates defecation process