Endocrine Physiology 3

Question 1

Which immunoglobulin affects growth

Answer 1

IgF-1

Question 2

Growth Hormone becomes significant from?

Answer 2

10 Months

Question 3

What produces spikes in GH secretion

Answer 3

Androgens and Oestrogens

Question 4

What terminates growth

Answer 4

Androgens and Oestrogens causing epiphysis of long bones to fuse

Question 5

Growth Hormone is what type of hormone

Answer 5

Peptide released from Ant Pituitary aka Somatotropin

Question 6

Growth hormone requires what kind of action of thyroid hormones and insulin before stimulations growth

Answer 6

Permissive

Question 7

Growth Hormone acts on what type of receptor

Answer 7

Tyrosine Kinase Receptors

Question 8

What is mediated indirectly by IgF-I in growth

Answer 8

growth of long bones

Question 9

IgF-1 is also known as

Answer 9

Somatomedian C

Question 10

What mediates action of GH

Answer 10

Somatomedin c aka IGF-1

Question 11

IGF-I is secreted by

Answer 11

Liver

Question 12

IGF-I exhibits neg feedback on GH release

Answer 12

via inhibiting GHRH and stimulating GHIH (somatostatin).

Question 13

Hyperglycaemic properties of GH dominate the what action of IGF-I

Answer 13

hypoglycaemic action of IGF-I

Question 14

What is the site of bone growth

Answer 14

epiphyseal plate

Question 15

Growth hormone does what to gluconeogenesis by liver

Answer 15

Increases

Question 16

Growth does what to adipocytes

Answer 16

more sensitive to lipolytic stimuli.

Question 17

What does GH to blood glucose

Answer 17

increases

Question 18

What does GH do to amino acid uptake and protein synthesis

Answer 18

Increases amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in almost all cells = anabolic effect

Question 19

What does cortisol do to protein catabolism

Answer 19

stimulates

Question 20

Growth hormone does what to glucose stores

Answer 20

Mobilises them to increase BG

Question 21

GH does what to insulin

Answer 21

inhibits action of insulin

Question 22

Where is GH present

Answer 22

Pituitary Glands

Question 23

Highest rate of GH Secretion

Answer 23

teenage years during first 2 hours of sleep (deep delta sleep) 20x in children

Question 24

What 5 factors increase GHRH Secretion

Answer 24

Action or Potential decrease in energy supply to cells
Increased Amino Acids in Plasma
Stress and Illness
Delta Sleep
Oestrogen and Tesoterstone

Question 25

What happens in Exercise and Cold to Growth Hormone

Answer 25

Increased Demand

Question 26

Growth Hormones does what to amino acid transport

Answer 26

Promote

Question 27

Oestrogen and Testosterone do what to IGF Mediated Neg Feedback

Answer 27

Decrease

Question 28

Stimuli that increase GHIH

Answer 28

1. Glucose 2. FFA 3. Ageing 4. Cortisol

Question 29

How does Giantism happen?

Answer 29

Excess GH due to Pit Tumour before Epiphyseal Plates of Long bones Close

Question 30

How does Acromegaly happen

Answer 30

Excess GH due to pit tumour after epiphyseal plates seal. | No longitudinal growth/no increase in height

Question 31

Growth Hormone needs what inhibited to help growth

Answer 31

Igf-1 Inhibition

Question 32

Thyroid Hormone synthesises which hormones

Answer 32

T3 Triiodothyronine | T4 Thyroxine

Question 33

Thyroid Hormones which cell types

Answer 33

Clear Cells | Follicular Cells

Question 34

Which cells secrete calcitonin

Answer 34

Clear Cells in Thyroid Gland which regulate Ca2+

Question 35

Thyroglobulin is rich in

Answer 35

Tyrosine Residues

Question 36

Thyroglobulin and Enzymes are secreted from follicular cells into

Answer 36

Colloid

Question 37

What hormones related to thyroid are derived from diet

Answer 37

Tyrosine | Iodide

Question 38

How does Iodide enter follicular cells

Answer 38

From Plasma via Na+/I Transporter (Symport) then transported into colloid via pendrin transporter

Question 39

Addition of one iodine to tyrosine makes

Answer 39

Monoiodotyrosine

Question 40

Addition of second iodine to tyrosine makes

Answer 40

Diiodotyrosine

Question 41

Monoiodotyrosine + Diiodotyrosine makes

Answer 41

T3

Question 42

Diiodotyrosine and Diiodotyrosine makes

Answer 42

Tetraiodothyronine or T4

Question 43

Thyroid Hormone synthesis is catalysed by

Answer 43

Thyroid Peroxidase

Question 44

T3 and T4 in lipids are

Answer 44

soluble and circulate in plasma

Question 45

When not stimulated thyroid hormones stored in

Answer 45

colloid

Question 46

What percentage of T3 and T4 circulates in plasma bound to plasma protein

Answer 46

99.8%

Question 47

Thyroxine Binding Globulin has what kind of affinity for T4

Answer 47

high with long half life

Question 48

T4 half life in plasma

Answer 48

6 days

Question 49

T3 half life in plasma

Answer 49

1 day

Question 50

0.2% of total plasma TH is

Answer 50

physiologically active and exerts inhibitor affect on TSH and TRH

Question 51

Most TH circulates in form of protein bound

Answer 51

T4

Question 52

50x more total free bound T4 in plasma than

Answer 52

T3

Question 53

90% of TH binding to TH receptors inside cells is

Answer 53

T3 due to higher affinity making it more physiologically active

Question 54

Somatostatin does what to TSH

Answer 54

Inhibits

Question 55

Glucocorticoid does what to TSH

Answer 55

inhibits TSH and converts T4 to T3

Question 56

T4 is converted to

Answer 56

T3 in target tissue

Question 57

Thyroid hormone does what to metabolic rate

Answer 57

Raises

Question 58

Thyroid hormone does what to hepatic gluconeogenesis

Answer 58

increase

Question 59

Thyroid hormone does what to proteolysis and lipolysis

Answer 59

net increase

Question 60

TH is what to epinephrine, b receptors

Answer 60

Permissive